Tiwari Sudhanshu, Singh Ajay
Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, India.
Indian J Exp Biol. 2004 Apr;42(4):413-8.
Active compound oleandrin extracted from Nerium indicum (Lal Kaner) leaf has potent piscicidal activity. The piscicidal activity of oleandrin on freshwater fish C. punctatus was both time and dose dependent. Exposure to sub-lethal doses of oleandrin for 24hr and 96hr to fish caused significant alteration in the level of total protein, total free amino acid, nucleic acid, glycogen, pyruvate, lactate and enzyme protease, phosphatases, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and acetylcholinesterase activity in liver and muscle tissues. The alterations in all the above biochemical parameters were also significantly time and dose dependent. The results show a significant recovery in all the above biochemical parameters, in both liver and muscle tissues of fish after the 7th day of the withdrawal of treatment. Toxicity persistence test of oleandrin on juvenile Labeo rohita shows that fish seed of common culturing carp can be released into rearing ponds after three days of oleandrin treatment. It supports the view that the oleandrin is safer and may be useful substitute of other piscicides for removing the unwanted freshwater fishes from aquaculture ponds.
从夹竹桃（Lal Kaner）叶中提取的活性化合物夹竹桃苷具有强大的杀鱼活性。夹竹桃苷对淡水鱼斑尾刺虾虎鱼的杀鱼活性具有时间和剂量依赖性。将鱼暴露于亚致死剂量的夹竹桃苷24小时和96小时，会导致肝脏和肌肉组织中的总蛋白、总游离氨基酸、核酸、糖原、丙酮酸、乳酸以及酶蛋白酶、磷酸酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性水平发生显著变化。上述所有生化参数的变化也具有显著的时间和剂量依赖性。结果表明，在停止治疗第7天后，鱼的肝脏和肌肉组织中上述所有生化参数均有显著恢复。夹竹桃苷对幼体印度野鲮的毒性持久性试验表明，经夹竹桃苷处理三天后，普通养殖鲤鱼的鱼苗可以放入养殖池塘。这支持了夹竹桃苷更安全的观点，并且它可能是从水产养殖池塘中清除不需要的淡水鱼的其他杀鱼剂的有用替代品。
