Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, U.P., India.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 Sep;18(1):47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2004.05.001.
The present paper deals with the piscicidal activity of different solvent extracts of Euphorbia royleana stem bark against freshwater predatory fish Channa punctatus, which is commonly present in shrimp and carp culture ponds. The rank of order of toxicity of different solvent extract was: diethyl ether (LC(50) (96h) 31.76mg DW/L) > chloroform (LC(50) (96h) 56.26mg DW/L) > methanol (LC(50) (96h) 56.80mg DW/L) > acetone (LC(50) (96h) 65.77mg DW/L). There was a significant (P < 0.05) negative correlation between LC values and exposure periods, thus increase in exposure time. The LC(50) values of diethyl ether extract of E. royleana stem bark decrease from 81.78mg DW/L (24h) to 31.76mg DW/L (96h). Similar trend were also observed in case of chloroform, methanol and acetone extracts. Exposure of sub-lethal doses (40% and 80% of LC(50)) of the diethyl ether extract for 24h or 96h caused significant inhibition in the activity of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in liver and muscle tissue of fish C. punctatus. There was a significant recovery observed in the activity of enzyme acetylcholinesterase in both the tissues of fish after 7th day of the withdrawal of treatment. Thus, the diethyl ether extract of E. royleana stem bark can be used for control of unwanted predatory fish C. punctatus from fish culture ponds. Their toxicological action is due to their anti-acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity, reversibility in their action is advantageous factor for their use as environmentally safe piscicide in aquatic bodies.
本论文研究了Euphorbia royleana 茎皮的不同溶剂提取物对淡水掠食性鱼类 Channa punctatus 的杀鱼活性，Channa punctatus 通常存在于虾和鲤鱼养殖池塘中。不同溶剂提取物的毒性顺序为：二乙醚（LC(50)(96h)31.76mg DW/L）>氯仿（LC(50)(96h)56.26mg DW/L）>甲醇（LC(50)(96h)56.80mg DW/L）>丙酮（LC(50)(96h)65.77mg DW/L）。LC 值与暴露时间之间存在显著的负相关关系，即随着暴露时间的增加，LC 值降低。二乙醚提取物的 LC(50)值从 81.78mg DW/L（24h）降至 31.76mg DW/L（96h）。氯仿、甲醇和丙酮提取物也观察到类似的趋势。在暴露于亚致死剂量（LC(50)的 40%和 80%）的二乙醚提取物 24h 或 96h 后，显著抑制了鱼类 C. punctatus 肝脏和肌肉组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性。在停止治疗 7 天后，鱼的两种组织中的酶乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性都有显著的恢复。因此，Euphorbia royleana 茎皮的二乙醚提取物可用于控制鱼类养殖池塘中不需要的掠食性鱼类 C. punctatus。它们的毒理学作用是由于它们对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用，它们作用的可逆性是它们作为环境安全杀鱼剂在水体中使用的有利因素。
