Jena B P
Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
J Cell Mol Med. 2004 Jan-Mar;8(1):1-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00255.x.
Secretion and membrane fusion are fundamental cellular processes involved in the physiology of health and disease. Studies within the past decade reveal the molecular mechanism of secretion and membrane fusion in cells. Studies reveal that membrane-bound secretory vesicles dock and fuse at porosomes, which are specialized plasma membrane structures. Swelling of secretory vesicles result in a build-up of intravesicular pressure, which allows expulsion of vesicular contents. The discovery of the porosome, its isolation, its structure and dynamics at nm resolution and in real time, its biochemical composition and functional reconstitution, are discussed. The molecular mechanism of secretory vesicle fusion at the base of porosomes, and vesicle swelling, have been resolved. With these findings a new understanding of cell secretion has emerged and confirmed by a number of laboratories.
分泌和膜融合是健康与疾病生理学中涉及的基本细胞过程。过去十年的研究揭示了细胞中分泌和膜融合的分子机制。研究表明，膜结合分泌囊泡在孔体（一种特殊的质膜结构）处对接并融合。分泌囊泡的肿胀导致囊泡内压力升高，从而使囊泡内容物排出。本文讨论了孔体的发现、分离、纳米分辨率下实时的结构和动力学、生化组成以及功能重建。分泌囊泡在孔体底部的融合分子机制以及囊泡肿胀机制已得到解析。基于这些发现，对细胞分泌有了新的认识，并得到了多个实验室的证实。
