Chappel C I
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1992 Jun;15(3):253-70. doi: 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90037-a.
Dietary sodium saccharin is associated with bladder tumors when fed at high levels to the male rat. Under these conditions urinary pH, sodium concentration, and volume are elevated and proliferative changes are present in the urothelium. Extensive epidemiological studies have shown that saccharin does not increase the risk of bladder cancer in humans and laboratory investigations have shown that sodium saccharin is not mutagenic and does not bind to DNA. Recent research indicates that the urothelium in male rats is damaged under conditions of high urinary pH and sodium levels by a mechanism that involves alpha 2u-globulin and possibly silicate crystalluria. These studies and their implications for human health risk are reviewed.
当以高剂量喂食雄性大鼠时，膳食中的糖精钠与膀胱肿瘤有关。在这些情况下，尿液pH值、钠浓度和尿量会升高，尿路上皮会出现增殖性变化。广泛的流行病学研究表明，糖精不会增加人类患膀胱癌的风险，实验室研究表明，糖精钠没有致突变性，也不会与DNA结合。最近的研究表明，在高尿pH值和高钠水平的条件下，雄性大鼠的尿路上皮会因一种涉及α2u球蛋白和可能的硅酸盐结晶尿的机制而受损。本文对这些研究及其对人类健康风险的影响进行了综述。
