James Louise, Matthews Ian, Nix Barry
Department of Epidemiology, Statistics & Public Health, University of Wales College Of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
Epidemiology. 2004 May;15(3):287-92. doi: 10.1097/01.ede.0000121379.57583.84.
The possible elevation of disease rates in the proximity of site-specific environmental hazards is much investigated. Single-site studies are subject to problems of reporting bias and statistical power, and multisite studies to heterogeneity of exposure. Both types of studies usually use concentric circular regions centered on a site as a surrogate for defining the exposed and unexposed populations. This approach does not take into account the actual spatial pattern of toxicant dispersion or the spatial pattern associated with the population, and so much useful information is wasted. We report a kernel density technique to map risk contours for disease, which is not influenced by the coordinates of any putative environmental hazard and which could be married to actual spatial exposure patterns.
针对特定地点环境危害附近疾病发病率可能升高的情况，人们进行了大量研究。单地点研究存在报告偏倚和统计效力问题，多地点研究则存在暴露异质性问题。这两类研究通常都使用以某一地点为中心的同心圆区域来替代界定暴露人群和未暴露人群。这种方法没有考虑到有毒物质扩散的实际空间模式或与人群相关的空间模式，因此浪费了许多有用信息。我们报告了一种核密度技术，用于绘制疾病风险等值线，该技术不受任何假定环境危害坐标的影响，并且可以与实际空间暴露模式相结合。
