Krause M P, Schlack H G
Kinderneurologisches Zentrum, Rheinischen Landesklinik Bonn.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr. 1992 Jun;20(2):94-9.
121 children aged 5;6 to 8;6 years referred to our center as out-patients because of various types of behavioral problems and showing distinct symptoms of minor neurological dysfunction were investigated with regard to family-related variables, specific developmental disorders, and the extent of the behavioral problems. A comparison of the groups with few and numerous behavioral problems showed a significant difference in the number of familial risk factors, but not in the degree of neurological and cognitive dysfunction. These results indicate the importance of child-independent familial factors, e.g. marital problems and psychosocial stress, in the pathogenesis of behavioral disturbances in children with minor neurological dysfunction. The resulting need for a family-oriented perspective in assessment and therapy is discussed.
121名年龄在5岁6个月至8岁6个月之间的儿童因各种行为问题作为门诊患者被转诊至我们中心，他们表现出轻微神经功能障碍的明显症状，针对与家庭相关的变量、特定发育障碍以及行为问题的程度进行了调查。对行为问题少和行为问题多的两组进行比较，结果显示家庭风险因素的数量存在显著差异，但神经和认知功能障碍的程度并无差异。这些结果表明，诸如婚姻问题和心理社会压力等与儿童无关的家庭因素在轻微神经功能障碍儿童行为障碍的发病机制中具有重要作用。文中还讨论了在评估和治疗中采用以家庭为导向观点的必要性。
