Heilemann MarySue V, Lee Kathryn, Kury Felix Salvador
UCLA School of Nursing, Factor Bldg., Room 5-252, Box 956919, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6919, USA.
J Nurs Meas. 2003 Spring-Summer;11(1):61-72. doi: 10.1891/jnum.11.1.61.52067.
The purpose of this study is to test the reliability and validity of a Spanish translation of the Resilience Scale (RS), which was originally created in English by Wagnild and Young (1993). A team of bilingual, bicultural translators participated in the translation process to enhance the linguistic accuracy and cultural appropriateness of the Spanish translation. As part of the convenience sample of 315 women of Mexican descent who participated in the larger study, data from 147 women who preferred to read and write in Spanish were used in this analysis. The English version of the RS consists of a 17-item "Personal Competence" subscale and an 8-item "Acceptance of Self and Life" subscale for a total of 25 items. However, two items had low item-total loadings and were removed to form a modified 23-item RS. The exploratory principal components factor analysis, varimax rotation, and subsequent goodness of fit indices were ambivalent on whether a one or two-factor solution was appropriate, but the chi-square difference test clearly demonstrated that the two-factor solution of the Spanish version was more useful in explaining variance than a one-factor solution. Internal consistency reliability was estimated with Cronbach's alpha (alpha = 0.93) which was acceptable for the 23-item RS as well as its subscales. Construct validity was demonstrated by a significant positive correlation between resilience and life satisfaction (r = 0.36; p < 0.001), and a significant negative correlation between resilience and depressive symptoms (r = -0.29; p < 0.01). This analysis ultimately supports the appropriateness of the modified 23-item Spanish translation of the RS and its subscales in a sample of urban, low-income women of Mexican descent in the U.S.
本研究的目的是检验复原力量表（RS）西班牙语翻译版的信效度，该量表最初由瓦格尼尔德和扬于1993年用英文编制。一组具备双语和双文化背景的翻译人员参与了翻译过程，以提高西班牙语翻译版的语言准确性和文化适宜性。作为参与更大规模研究的315名墨西哥裔女性便利样本的一部分，本分析使用了147名更喜欢用西班牙语读写的女性的数据。英文版本的RS包括一个由17个项目组成的“个人能力”子量表和一个由8个项目组成的“自我与生活接纳”子量表，共计25个项目。然而，有两个项目的项目总分载荷较低，被删除以形成一个修改后的23个项目的RS。探索性主成分因子分析、方差最大化旋转以及随后的拟合优度指数对于单因素还是双因素解决方案是否合适存在矛盾，但卡方差异检验清楚地表明，西班牙语版本的双因素解决方案在解释方差方面比单因素解决方案更有用。用克朗巴赫α系数估计内部一致性信度（α = 0.93），这对于23个项目的RS及其子量表来说是可以接受的。通过复原力与生活满意度之间的显著正相关（r = 0.36；p < 0.001）以及复原力与抑郁症状之间的显著负相关（r = -0.29；p < 0.01）证明了结构效度。该分析最终支持了修改后的23个项目的RS西班牙语翻译版及其子量表在美国城市低收入墨西哥裔女性样本中的适用性。
