Hedley Allison A, Ogden Cynthia L, Johnson Clifford L, Carroll Margaret D, Curtin Lester R, Flegal Katherine M
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga, USA.
JAMA. 2004 Jun 16;291(23):2847-50. doi: 10.1001/jama.291.23.2847.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly in the last 2 decades in the United States.
To update the US prevalence estimates of overweight in children and obesity in adults, using the most recent national data of height and weight measurements.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex multistage probability sample of the US noninstitutionalized civilian population, both height and weight measurements were obtained from 4115 adults and 4018 children in 1999-2000 and from 4390 adults and 4258 children in 2001-2002.
Prevalence of overweight (body mass index [BMI] > or =95th percentile of the sex-specific BMI-for-age growth chart) among children and prevalence of overweight (BMI, 25.0-29.9), obesity (BMI > or =30.0), and extreme obesity (BMI > or =40.0) among adults by sex, age, and racial/ethnic group.
Between 1999-2000 and 2001-2002, there were no significant changes among adults in the prevalence of overweight or obesity (64.5% vs 65.7%), obesity (30.5% vs 30.6%), or extreme obesity (4.7% vs 5.1%), or among children aged 6 through 19 years in the prevalence of at risk for overweight or overweight (29.9% vs 31.5%) or overweight (15.0% vs 16.5%). Overall, among adults aged at least 20 years in 1999-2002, 65.1% were overweight or obese, 30.4% were obese, and 4.9% were extremely obese. Among children aged 6 through 19 years in 1999-2002, 31.0% were at risk for overweight or overweight and 16.0% were overweight. The NHANES results indicate continuing disparities by sex and between racial/ethnic groups in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.
There is no indication that the prevalence of obesity among adults and overweight among children is decreasing. The high levels of overweight among children and obesity among adults remain a major public health concern.
在过去20年中，美国超重和肥胖的患病率显著上升。
利用最新的全国身高和体重测量数据，更新美国儿童超重和成人肥胖的患病率估计值。
设计、地点和参与者：作为国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的一部分，这是一项对美国非机构化平民人口的复杂多阶段概率抽样调查，在1999 - 2000年从4115名成人和4018名儿童中获取了身高和体重测量数据，在2001 - 2002年从4390名成人和4258名儿童中获取了数据。
按性别、年龄和种族/族裔群体划分的儿童超重患病率（体重指数[BMI]≥特定性别年龄别BMI生长图表的第95百分位数）以及成人超重（BMI为25.0 - 29.9）、肥胖（BMI≥30.0）和极度肥胖（BMI≥40.0）的患病率。
在1999 - 2000年至2001 - 2002年期间，成人中超重或肥胖的患病率（分别为64.5%和65.7%）、肥胖的患病率（分别为30.5%和30.6%）或极度肥胖的患病率（分别为4.7%和5.1%）没有显著变化，6至19岁儿童中超重风险或超重的患病率（分别为29.9%和31.5%）或超重的患病率（分别为15.0%和16.5%）也没有显著变化。总体而言，在1999 - 2002年至少20岁的成年人中，65.1%超重或肥胖，30.4%肥胖，4.9%极度肥胖。在1999 - 2002年6至19岁的儿童中，31.0%有超重风险或超重，16.0%超重。NHANES结果表明，在超重和肥胖患病率方面，性别和种族/族裔群体之间仍存在差异。
没有迹象表明成人肥胖和儿童超重的患病率在下降。儿童中的高超重水平和成人中的肥胖仍然是主要的公共卫生问题。
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