Amundsen A L, Ntanios F, Put N van der, Ose L
Lipid Clinic, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;58(12):1612-20. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602015.
To study the compliance and changes in plasma lipids, plant sterols, fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in children and parents with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) consuming a plant sterol ester-enriched (PSE) spread.
A 26-week open-label follow-up of children who had previously been studied in a controlled cross-over design. The parents were also included in the open-label arm of the study.
Outpatient clinic for treatment of hyperlipidemia.
A total of 37 children (7-13 y) and 20 parents (32-51 y) diagnosed with 'definite' or 'possible' heterozygous FH. In all, 19 of the parents, but no children, used statins. All were patients at the Lipid Clinic, National Hospital in Oslo.
Subjects were recommended to eat 20 g/day of PSE spread as part of their lipid-lowering diet.
The mean intake of PSE spread was 13.7 and 16.5 g/days in the children and parents, respectively, corresponding to 1.2 and 1.5 g of plant sterols. Plasma total cholesterol decreased by 9.1% in both children (P<0.001) and parents (P=0.002). The corresponding decreases in LDL cholesterol were 11.4% (P<0.001) and 11.0% (P=0.012). Increases in serum lathosterol, campesterol and sitosterol, adjusted for total cholesterol, were observed in the children (31, 96, 48%, respectively, P<0.001) at the end of the controlled cross-over period. In the parents, serum campesterol and sitosterol, adjusted for total cholesterol, increased by 92 and 39%, respectively (P< 0.001). Lipid-adjusted serum alpha- and beta-carotene decreased by 17.4% (P=0.008) and 10.9% (P=0.018), respectively, in the children at the end of the controlled PSE period, but increased again during the follow-up. In the parents, serum alpha- and beta-carotene concentrations were unchanged, while serum lutein and lycopene decreased by 7.3% (P=0.037) and 14.6% (P=0.044), respectively.
Sustained efficacy of cholesterol reduction and long-term compliance of PSE intake were demonstrated in this study.
研究食用富含植物甾醇酯（PSE）涂抹酱的家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）儿童及其父母的依从性以及血浆脂质、植物甾醇、脂溶性维生素和类胡萝卜素的变化。
对先前在对照交叉设计中进行过研究的儿童进行为期26周的开放标签随访。父母也纳入该研究的开放标签组。
高脂血症门诊治疗诊所。
共37名儿童（7 - 13岁）和20名父母（32 - 51岁）被诊断为“明确”或“可能”的杂合子FH。总共19名父母使用了他汀类药物，但没有儿童使用。所有受试者均为奥斯陆国家医院脂质诊所的患者。
建议受试者将每天食用20克PSE涂抹酱作为降脂饮食的一部分。
儿童和父母的PSE涂抹酱平均摄入量分别为每天13.7克和16.5克，分别相当于1.2克和1.5克植物甾醇。儿童（P<0.001）和父母（P = 0.002）的血浆总胆固醇均下降了9.1%。相应的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇下降分别为11.4%（P<0.001）和11.0%（P = 0.012）。在对照交叉期结束时，观察到儿童经总胆固醇校正后的血清羊毛甾醇、菜油甾醇和谷甾醇增加（分别为31%、96%、48%，P<0.001）。在父母中，经总胆固醇校正后的血清菜油甾醇和谷甾醇分别增加了92%和39%（P<0.001）。在对照PSE期结束时，儿童经脂质校正后的血清α-和β-胡萝卜素分别下降了17.4%（P = 0.008）和10.9%（P = 0.018），但在随访期间又再次增加。在父母中，血清α-和β-胡萝卜素浓度未变，而血清叶黄素和番茄红素分别下降了7.3%（P = 0.037）和14.6%（P = 0.044）。
本研究证明了PSE降低胆固醇的持续疗效以及PSE摄入的长期依从性。
