Yang Yong, Xie Shouqi, Lei Wu, Zhu Xiaoming, Yang Yunxia
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2004 Aug;17(2):105-14. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2003.11.006.
The potential use of poultry by-product meal (PBM) and meat and bone meal (MBM) as alternative dietary protein sources for juvenile Macrobrachium nipponense was studied by a 70-day growth trial. Triplicate groups of M. nipponense (initial body weight: 0.37 g) were fed at 20.7-22.4 degrees C on each of the five isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets (protein content about 38%) with different replacement of fish meal by MBM or PBM. The control diet used white fish meal as the sole protein source, the other four diets were prepared with 15% or 50% fish meal protein substituted by either MBM (MBM(15), MBM(50)) or PBM (PBM(15), PBM(50)). The results showed that replacement of fish meal by MBM in diets did not affect growth performance of M. nipponense (P > 0.05), while specific growth rate in PBM(15) was significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). Survival rates of shrimp fed with MBM(15) diet were significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in immunological parameters, including total haemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase activity (PO) and respiratory burst (O(2)(-)), were observed between the shrimps that were fed five experimental diets, and all determined immunological parameters in control groups were slightly higher than those in replacement groups. In conclusion, either MBM or PBM investigated could replace up to 50% fish meal protein in diets for M. nipponense.
通过为期70天的生长试验，研究了家禽副产品粉（PBM）和肉骨粉（MBM）作为日本沼虾幼虾替代膳食蛋白质来源的潜在用途。将日本沼虾（初始体重：0.37克）分成三组，在20.7 - 22.4摄氏度下，分别投喂五种等能量、等氮的饲料（蛋白质含量约38%），这些饲料中鱼粉被MBM或PBM以不同比例替代。对照饲料使用白鱼粉作为唯一蛋白质来源，其他四种饲料分别用15%或50%的鱼粉蛋白被MBM（MBM(15)，MBM(50)）或PBM（PBM(15)，PBM(50)）替代。结果表明，饲料中用MBM替代鱼粉对日本沼虾的生长性能没有影响（P > 0.05），而PBM(15)组的特定生长率显著高于其他组（P < 0.05）。投喂MBM(15)饲料的虾的存活率显著高于其他组（P < 0.05）。在投喂五种试验饲料的虾之间，未观察到免疫参数（包括总血细胞计数（THC）、酚氧化酶活性（PO）和呼吸爆发（O(2)(-)））有显著差异，并且对照组中所有测定的免疫参数略高于替代组。总之，所研究的MBM或PBM均可在日本沼虾饲料中替代高达50%的鱼粉蛋白。
