Bonorden M J L, Greany K A, Wangen K E, Phipps W R, Feirtag J, Adlercreutz H, Kurzer M S
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;58(12):1635-42. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602020.
To confirm the results of an earlier study showing premenopausal equol excretors to have hormone profiles associated with reduced breast cancer risk, and to investigate whether equol excretion status and plasma hormone concentrations can be influenced by consumption of probiotics.
A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial.
In all, 34 of the initially enrolled 37 subjects completed all requirements.
All subjects were followed for two full menstrual cycles and the first seven days of a third cycle. During menstrual cycle 1, plasma concentrations of estradiol (E(2)), estrone (E(1)), estrone-sulfate (E(1)-S), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), and sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured on cycle day 2, 3, or 4, and urinary equol measured on day 7 after a 4-day soy challenge. Subjects then received either probiotic capsules (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum) or placebo capsules through day 7 of menstrual cycle 3, at which time both the plasma hormone concentrations and the post-soy challenge urinary equol measurements were repeated.
During menstrual cycle 1, equol excretors and non-excretors were not significantly different with respect to subject characteristics, diet, or hormone concentrations. Significant inverse correlations were found between E(2) and body mass index (BMI) (P=0.02), SHBG and BMI (P=0.01), DHEA-S and dietary fiber (P=0.04), and A and protein:carbohydrate ratio (P=0.02). Probiotic consumption failed to significantly alter equol excretor status or hormone concentrations during menstrual cycle 3, although there were trends towards decreased concentrations of T (P=0.14) and SHBG (P=0.10) in the probiotic group.
We were unable to verify a previously reported finding of premenopausal equol excretors having plasma hormone concentrations different from those of nonexcretors. Furthermore, a 2-month intervention with probiotic capsules did not significantly alter equol excretion or plasma hormone concentrations.
确认一项早期研究的结果，该研究表明绝经前雌马酚排泄者具有与降低乳腺癌风险相关的激素谱，并调查食用益生菌是否会影响雌马酚排泄状态和血浆激素浓度。
一项随机、单盲、安慰剂对照、平行组试验。
最初招募的37名受试者中，共有34名完成了所有要求。
所有受试者均接受了两个完整月经周期及第三个周期的前七天的随访。在月经周期1期间，在第2、3或4天测量血浆雌二醇（E₂）、雌酮（E₁）、硫酸雌酮（E₁-S）、睾酮（T）、雄烯二酮（A）、硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHEA-S）和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）的浓度，并在4天大豆激发试验后第7天测量尿雌马酚。然后，受试者在月经周期3的第7天之前接受益生菌胶囊（含有嗜酸乳杆菌和长双歧杆菌）或安慰剂胶囊，此时重复测量血浆激素浓度和大豆激发试验后的尿雌马酚。
在月经周期1期间，雌马酚排泄者和非排泄者在受试者特征、饮食或激素浓度方面无显著差异。发现E₂与体重指数（BMI）之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.02），SHBG与BMI之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.01），DHEA-S与膳食纤维之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.04），A与蛋白质：碳水化合物比率之间存在显著负相关（P = 0.02）。尽管益生菌组中T（P = 0.14）和SHBG（P = 0.10）的浓度有下降趋势，但食用益生菌未能在月经周期3期间显著改变雌马酚排泄者状态或激素浓度。
我们无法证实先前报道的绝经前雌马酚排泄者血浆激素浓度与非排泄者不同的发现。此外，为期2个月的益生菌胶囊干预并未显著改变雌马酚排泄或血浆激素浓度。
