智力障碍者中的心理健康障碍：准确患病率估计面临的挑战。
Mental health disorders among individuals with mental retardation: challenges to accurate prevalence estimates.
作者信息
Kerker Bonnie D, Owens Pamela L, Zigler Edward, Horwitz Sarah M
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2004 Jul-Aug;119(4):409-17. doi: 10.1016/j.phr.2004.05.005.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this literature review were to assess current challenges to estimating the prevalence of mental health disorders among individuals with mental retardation (MR) and to develop recommendations to improve such estimates for this population.
METHODS
The authors identified 200 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, government documents, or reports from national and international organizations on the mental health status of people with MR. Based on the study's inclusion criteria, 52 articles were included in the review.
RESULTS
Available data reveal inconsistent estimates of the prevalence of mental health disorders among those with MR, but suggest that some mental health conditions are more common among these individuals than in the general population. Two main challenges to identifying accurate prevalence estimates were found: (1) health care providers have difficulty diagnosing mental health conditions among individuals with MR; and (2) methodological limitations of previous research inhibit confidence in study results.
CONCLUSIONS
Accurate prevalence estimates are necessary to ensure the availability of appropriate treatment services. To this end, health care providers should receive more training regarding the mental health treatment of individuals with MR. Further, government officials should discuss mechanisms of collecting nationally representative data, and the research community should utilize consistent methods with representative samples when studying mental health conditions in this population.
目的
本文献综述的目的是评估在估算智力障碍（MR）个体中精神健康障碍患病率方面当前存在的挑战，并提出改进该人群此类估算的建议。
方法
作者检索了200篇同行评议的文章、书籍章节、政府文件或来自国家和国际组织的关于MR人群精神健康状况的报告。根据该研究的纳入标准，52篇文章被纳入综述。
结果
现有数据显示，对MR个体中精神健康障碍患病率的估算不一致，但表明某些精神健康状况在这些个体中比在一般人群中更为常见。发现了确定准确患病率估算的两个主要挑战：（1）医疗保健提供者在诊断MR个体的精神健康状况方面存在困难；（2）先前研究的方法学局限性降低了对研究结果的信心。
结论
准确的患病率估算对于确保提供适当的治疗服务至关重要。为此，医疗保健提供者应接受更多关于MR个体精神健康治疗的培训。此外，政府官员应讨论收集具有全国代表性数据的机制，并且研究界在研究该人群的精神健康状况时应使用具有代表性样本的一致方法。
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