da Cunha S S, Cruz A A, Dourado I, Barreto M L, Ferreira L D A, Rodrigues L C
Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Allergy. 2004 Aug;59(8):857-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00517.x.
BCG is a vaccine used against tuberculosis and leprosy and is an immunostimulant that primes T(H)1 lymphocytes to produce cytokines that antagonize atopy both in animal models and in man. Considering that atopy is the main risk factor for asthma, one can hypothesize that vaccination inducing T(H)1 responses, such as BCG, can be protective against asthma.
To estimate the association between neonatal BCG vaccination and prevalence of asthma among adolescents.
Cross-sectional study with schoolchildren aged 12-16 years. The presence of a scar compatible with BCG was used as a surrogate of neonatal vaccination. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared based on that used by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. The prevalence of asthma was categorized according to the report of lifetime wheeze, lifetime asthma, lifetime asthma among those referring allergy and among those referring allergy and sneezing.
Neonatal BCG vaccination was not associated with the overall prevalence of reported wheezing or asthma. However, in the subgroup reporting current allergy and sneezing, neonatal BCG was associated with a 37% reduction of prevalence of lifetime asthma.
In the population we surveyed, neonatal BCG scar was associated with a reduction in the risk of asthma only in individuals with a past history suggestive of allergic rhinitis.
卡介苗是一种用于预防结核病和麻风病的疫苗，也是一种免疫刺激剂，可促使T(H)1淋巴细胞产生细胞因子，在动物模型和人类中对抗特应性。鉴于特应性是哮喘的主要危险因素，可以推测诱导T(H)1反应的疫苗接种，如卡介苗，可能对哮喘具有保护作用。
评估新生儿卡介苗接种与青少年哮喘患病率之间的关联。
对12至16岁学童进行横断面研究。将与卡介苗相符的疤痕作为新生儿接种疫苗的替代指标。根据儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究使用的问卷编制了一份自我管理的结构化问卷。根据终生喘息、终生哮喘、有过敏史者的终生哮喘以及有过敏和打喷嚏史者的终生哮喘报告对哮喘患病率进行分类。
新生儿卡介苗接种与报告的喘息或哮喘的总体患病率无关。然而，在报告目前有过敏和打喷嚏的亚组中，新生儿卡介苗接种与终生哮喘患病率降低37%相关。
在我们调查的人群中，仅在有过敏性鼻炎既往史的个体中，新生儿卡介苗疤痕与哮喘风险降低相关。
