Hansen K N, Tegllund L, Lange A, Ebbesen F
Børneafdelingen, Aalborg Sygehus.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Apr 13;154(16):1095-7.
During recent years, we have observed two cases of haemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency which developed late in the neonatal period. One patient was a female infant aged six weeks with severe intracranial bleeding and the other was a female infant aged three weeks with marked haemorrhage from the umbilicus. Both of these infants were entirely breast-fed and had received vitamin K (1 mg fytomenadion) orally at birth. Both infants had unrecognized alfa-1-antitrypsin deficiency with liver involvement. In other European countries, many cases of late haemorrhagic disease of the newborn due to vitamin K deficiency have been registered in infants who had received oral vitamin K prophylaxis. On the basis of these observations and investigations which suggest that oral vitamin K prophylaxis is not so effective as intramuscular administration, it is suggested that the present oral vitamin K prophylaxis should be altered.
近年来，我们观察到两例新生儿期晚期因维生素K缺乏导致的出血病例。一名患者是一名六周大的女婴，患有严重的颅内出血，另一名是一名三周大的女婴，脐部有明显出血。这两名婴儿均完全母乳喂养，出生时均口服过维生素K（1毫克植物甲萘醌）。两名婴儿均患有未被识别的α-1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症且肝脏受累。在其他欧洲国家，许多接受口服维生素K预防的婴儿中都登记有因维生素K缺乏导致的新生儿晚期出血性疾病病例。基于这些表明口服维生素K预防不如肌肉注射有效的观察和调查结果，建议改变目前的口服维生素K预防措施。
