安非他命调节人类动机处理过程。

Amphetamine modulates human incentive processing.

作者信息

Knutson Brian, Bjork James M, Fong Grace W, Hommer Daniel, Mattay Venkata S, Weinberger Daniel R

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.

出版信息

Neuron. 2004 Jul 22;43(2):261-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.06.030.

DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.06.030

PMID:15260961

Abstract

Research suggests that psychostimulants can physiologically alter dopamine kinetics in the ventral striatum (VS) and psychologically enhance mood and attention. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we conducted a within-subject, double-blind, placebo (PLAC)-controlled study of the effects of oral dextroamphetamine (AMPH, 0.25 mg/kg) treatment on brain activity and affect during incentive processing. In two counterbalanced scanning sessions 60-180 min after ingesting AMPH or PLAC, 8 healthy volunteers played a game involving anticipation and receipt of monetary gains and losses. Group and volume of interest analyses suggested that by enhancing tonic over phasic activation, AMPH treatment "equalized" levels of VS activity and positive arousal during anticipation of both gain and loss. These findings suggest that therapeutic effects of amphetamine on incentive processing may involve reducing the difference between anticipation of gains and losses.

摘要

研究表明，精神兴奋药可在生理上改变腹侧纹状体（VS）中的多巴胺动力学，并在心理上改善情绪和注意力。我们使用事件相关功能磁共振成像（fMRI），对口服右旋苯丙胺（AMPH，0.25 mg/kg）治疗对奖励加工过程中大脑活动和情感的影响进行了一项受试者内、双盲、安慰剂（PLAC）对照研究。在摄入AMPH或PLAC后60 - 180分钟的两个平衡扫描阶段中，8名健康志愿者参与了一个涉及预期和获得金钱收益与损失的游戏。组间和感兴趣区域分析表明，通过增强紧张性而非相位性激活，AMPH治疗在预期收益和损失时“均衡了”VS活动水平和积极唤醒水平。这些发现表明，苯丙胺对奖励加工的治疗作用可能涉及减少预期收益与损失之间的差异。