Backstrand J R, Goodman A H, Allen L H, Pelto G H
Joint PhD Program in Urban Systems, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07107, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;58(12):1626-34. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602019.
To examine maternal intake of a mildly alcoholic beverage (pulque) during pregnancy and lactation, and its potential effect on postpartum child growth and attained size.
A prospective cohort study that followed mothers (during pregnancy and lactation) and their offspring (from birth to approximately 57 months of age).
Six villages in rural, central Mexico.
Subjects are 58 mother-child pairs. Pulque intake was measured as part of a dietary assessment that was conducted for 2days/month during pregnancy and early lactation.
Most mothers consumed pulque during pregnancy (69.0%) and lactation (72.4%). Among pulque drinkers, the average ethanol intake was 125.1 g/week during pregnancy and 113.8 g/week during lactation. Greater pulque intake during lactation, independent of intake during pregnancy, was associated with slower weight and linear growth from 1 to 57 months, and smaller attained size at 57 months. Low-to-moderate pulque intake during pregnancy, in comparison to either nonconsumption or heavy intake, was also associated with greater stature at 57 months.
Pulque intake during lactation may have adversely influenced postnatal growth in this population. Public health interventions are urgently needed in Mexico to reduce heavy intake of pulque by pregnant and lactating women, and to replace intake with foods that provide the vitamins and minerals present in the traditional alcoholic beverage.
研究孕期和哺乳期母亲饮用轻度酒精饮料（龙舌兰酒）的情况及其对产后儿童生长发育和最终身高的潜在影响。
一项前瞻性队列研究，跟踪母亲（孕期和哺乳期）及其后代（从出生到约57个月大）。
墨西哥中部农村的六个村庄。
58对母婴。在孕期和哺乳期，每月有2天进行饮食评估，其中测量了龙舌兰酒的摄入量。
大多数母亲在孕期（69.0%）和哺乳期（72.4%）饮用龙舌兰酒。在饮用龙舌兰酒的母亲中，孕期平均乙醇摄入量为每周125.1克，哺乳期为每周113.8克。哺乳期龙舌兰酒摄入量增加，与孕期摄入量无关，与1至57个月时体重和线性生长缓慢以及57个月时最终身高较小有关。与不饮用或大量饮用相比，孕期低至中度饮用龙舌兰酒也与57个月时更高的身高有关。
哺乳期饮用龙舌兰酒可能对该人群的出生后生长产生不利影响。墨西哥迫切需要采取公共卫生干预措施，以减少孕妇和哺乳期妇女大量饮用龙舌兰酒的情况，并用富含传统酒精饮料中所含维生素和矿物质的食物替代饮用。
