Lehrer Miriam, Campan Raymond
Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2004 Aug;190(8):651-63. doi: 10.1007/s00359-004-0523-6. Epub 2004 May 15.
Wasps ( Paravespula germanica) were trained and tested at an artificial feeding site, using convex shapes that produced colour contrast, luminance contrast, or motion contrast against the background. With each of the three types of contrast, we tested the wasps' capacity to discriminate the learned shape from novel shapes. In addition, in each experiment we tested the wasps' capability to recognize the learned shape when it offered a different type of contrast than that it had during the training. With the coloured shapes, a side-glance at the colour discrimination performance of the wasps was possible in addition. Wasps are found to discriminate between a variety of convex shapes regardless of the type of contrast that they produce against the background. Mainly, they discriminate the learned shape from novel shapes even if the colour of the shapes or the type of contrast they produce against the background is altered in the test. Thus, wasps generalize the learned shape from one colour to another, as well as between colour contrast, luminance contrast, and motion contrast.
黄蜂（德国黄胡蜂）在一个人工喂食点接受训练和测试，使用与背景产生颜色对比、亮度对比或运动对比的凸形。对于这三种对比类型中的每一种，我们都测试了黄蜂从新形状中辨别出所学形状的能力。此外，在每个实验中，我们还测试了黄蜂在提供与训练期间不同类型对比时识别所学形状的能力。对于彩色形状，还可以顺便观察一下黄蜂的颜色辨别能力。研究发现，黄蜂能够区分各种凸形，而不管它们与背景产生的对比类型如何。主要是，即使在测试中形状的颜色或它们与背景产生的对比类型发生了变化，它们也能从新形状中辨别出所学形状。因此，黄蜂能够将所学形状从一种颜色推广到另一种颜色，以及在颜色对比、亮度对比和运动对比之间进行推广。
