Bonefeld-Jørgensen Eva Cecilie
Unit of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Sci Total Environ. 2004 Sep 20;331(1-3):215-31. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.030.
The burden of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Arctic peoples has been monitored for some years. In 1997, the Alta Declaration extended the mandate of the Arctic Assessment and Monitoring Programme (AMAP) to cover assessment of the combined effects of environmental stressors. The AMAP Phase I assessment report (Assessment report: Arctic pollution issues. Arctic monitoring and assessment programme (AMAP), Oslo Norway, xii+859 pp. Vol xii + 859 pp. Oslo, Norway, 1998) gave an overview of the classical toxicology of contaminants. Only recently a programme for measuring the potential biological effects of these contaminants has been established: The AMAP Human Health Effect Monitoring Programme. Body burden data alone are not enough to assess the health risks associated with exposure to environmental contaminants in Arctic peoples. Furthermore, laboratory studies of the effects of single chemicals or chemical mixtures in laboratory animals and cell cultures cannot fully elucidate the human health risks. Integration of epidemiological health research and effect-biomarker studies on humans from exposed populations in the Arctic is needed in order to obtain information about the real health risks resulting from exposure to the accumulated mixtures of contaminants in the Arctic. The present text aims to give a short account of background literature on known and suspected effects of environmental chemicals on endocrine regulated processes with special emphasis on Arctic conditions. Following the evaluation of existing knowledge, a survey of the recently started Human Health Effect Biomarker Programme in Greenland is given.
北极地区居民体内持久性有机污染物（POPs）的负担已监测多年。1997年，《阿尔塔宣言》扩大了北极评估与监测计划（AMAP）的任务范围，以涵盖对环境压力源综合影响的评估。AMAP第一阶段评估报告（评估报告：北极污染问题。北极监测与评估计划（AMAP），挪威奥斯陆，十二 + 859页。第十二卷 + 859页。挪威奥斯陆，1998年）概述了污染物的经典毒理学。直到最近才建立了一个测量这些污染物潜在生物效应的计划：AMAP人类健康效应监测计划。仅靠身体负担数据不足以评估北极地区居民接触环境污染物所带来的健康风险。此外，在实验动物和细胞培养中对单一化学品或化学混合物影响的实验室研究无法充分阐明人类健康风险。为了获取有关北极地区居民接触累积污染物混合物所导致的实际健康风险的信息，需要将流行病学健康研究与对北极地区暴露人群的人体效应生物标志物研究相结合。本文旨在简要介绍关于环境化学品对内分泌调节过程已知和疑似影响的背景文献，特别强调北极地区的情况。在对现有知识进行评估之后，对格陵兰岛最近启动的人类健康效应生物标志物计划进行了调查。
