Bornkessel Ina D, Fiebach Christian J, Friederici Angela D
Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2004 Sep;21(1):11-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.05.007.
We present an event-related brain potential (ERP) study demonstrating that high and low span readers show qualitatively different brain responses in the comprehension of ambiguous and complex linguistic stimuli. During the processing of ambiguous German sentences, low span readers showed a broadly distributed, sustained positivity, whereas high span participants showed a shorter, topographically more focused negativity. Qualitatively similar effects were observable in response to (complex) object-initial sentences. Additionally, a neural effect reflecting reanalysis in sentences disambiguated in a dispreferred way (P600) was observable only for high span readers, while the low span group showed an N400-like response. These neurophysiological findings support the notion that individual working memory capacity as measured by the reading span test influences sentence processing mechanisms and are compatible with the hypothesis that low span readers cannot effectively inhibit dispreferred readings.
我们展示了一项与事件相关的脑电位（ERP）研究，该研究表明，高阅读广度和低阅读广度的读者在理解模糊和复杂的语言刺激时，大脑反应在性质上有所不同。在处理模糊的德语句子时，低阅读广度的读者表现出广泛分布的持续正电位，而高阅读广度的参与者则表现出更短、在地形上更集中的负电位。在对（复杂的）宾语前置句的反应中也观察到了性质相似的效应。此外，仅在高阅读广度的读者中观察到一种反映以不偏好方式消除歧义的句子中重新分析的神经效应（P600），而低阅读广度组表现出类似N400的反应。这些神经生理学发现支持了这样一种观点，即通过阅读广度测试测量的个体工作记忆容量会影响句子处理机制，并且与低阅读广度的读者不能有效抑制不偏好解读的假设相一致。
