Pereira Fernando L, Silva Deise A O, Sopelete Mônica C, Sung Sun-Sang J, Taketomi Ernesto A
Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004 Aug;93(2):179-84. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61472-X.
Mites and pets are important sources of indoor allergens.
To determine Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1), Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f 1), and Felis domesticus (Fel d 1) allergen levels in buses and taxis and to evaluate the predominant allergen in each vehicle type.
Mite and cat allergens were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in dust samples collected from upholstered seats in 60 natural-ventilation buses (NVBs), 60 artificial-ventilation buses (AVBs), and 60 taxis. Thirty dust samples from AVB air-conditioning filters were also included.
Levels of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were significantly higher in AVBs than in NVBs, whereas Fel d 1 levels were not significantly different between bus types. No significant differences were found in mite allergen levels in various sites in both types of buses, whereas Fel d 1 levels were significantly higher in rear and middle seats than in front seats in NVBs. Mite and cat allergen levels in taxis were significantly higher in passenger's rear seats than in driver's seats. A high proportion of dust samples from the vehicles, especially AVBs (82% for Der p 1 and 58% for Der f 1) had sensitizing levels of mite allergens, whereas more than 60% of samples from all vehicles had sensitizing levels of Fel d 1 allergen. In AVBs, samples from seats showed significantly higher levels of mite and cat allergens than those from air-conditioning filters.
Public transport vehicles constitute an important allergen reservoir for continuous contamination of the indoor environment.
螨虫和宠物是室内过敏原的重要来源。
测定公交车和出租车中屋尘螨（Der p 1）、粉尘螨（Der f 1）和猫过敏原（Felis domesticus，Fel d 1）的过敏原水平，并评估每种车辆类型中的主要过敏原。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定法，对从60辆自然通风公交车（NVB）、60辆人工通风公交车（AVB）和60辆出租车的软垫座椅上采集的灰尘样本中的螨虫和猫过敏原进行检测。还纳入了30份来自AVB空调过滤器的灰尘样本。
AVB中Der p 1和Der f 1的水平显著高于NVB，而不同类型公交车之间的Fel d 1水平无显著差异。两种类型公交车的不同部位螨虫过敏原水平均无显著差异，而在NVB中，后排和中间座位的Fel d 1水平显著高于前排座位。出租车乘客后排座位的螨虫和猫过敏原水平显著高于驾驶员座位。车辆灰尘样本中，尤其是AVB（Der p 1为82%，Der f 1为58%），有很大比例的样本螨虫过敏原水平具有致敏性，而所有车辆超过60%的样本Fel d 1过敏原水平具有致敏性。在AVB中，座椅样本显示的螨虫和猫过敏原水平显著高于空调过滤器样本。
公共交通工具构成了室内环境持续污染的重要过敏原储存库。
