Manuel Ron Carmichael
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2004 Summer;14(3):405-16.
Despite the recognized role diet plays in disease, health, and longevity, less than half the US population consumes the desired 5 fruit/ vegetable servings a day. What accounts for the disjunction between cognition and behavior? Telephone survey data from a probability sample of 308 metropolitan Washington, DC, residents confirm the contingent consistency hypothesis as one explanation. The hypothesis suggests that optimal beliefs about health outcomes of dietary intake motivate optimal dietary intake, contingent on social structural experiences. The data show that experiences with racial discrimination can lessen the tendency for optimally healthy dietary intake to follow from belief in: 1) the benefit of eating healthy diets (or harm of unhealthy diets); and 2) self-control of health outcomes. Race (a proxy for assumed race-related social structural experiences, like race discrimination) does not demonstrate this moderating or contingency effect.
尽管人们已经认识到饮食在疾病、健康和长寿方面所起的作用，但美国每天食用达到理想标准的5份水果和蔬菜的人口不到一半。认知与行为之间的脱节是由什么造成的？来自华盛顿特区308名大都市居民概率样本的电话调查数据证实了权变一致性假说，这是一种解释。该假说表明，关于饮食摄入健康结果的最佳信念会促使人们进行最佳饮食摄入，但这取决于社会结构经历。数据显示，种族歧视经历会降低因相信以下两点而产生的进行最佳健康饮食摄入的倾向：1）健康饮食的益处（或不健康饮食的危害）；2）对健康结果的自我控制。种族（作为与假定的与种族相关的社会结构经历，如种族歧视的代理）并未显示出这种调节或权变效应。
