van Egmond Kathia, Naeem Ahmad Jan, Verstraelen Hans, Bosmans Marleen, Claeys Patricia, Temmerman Marleen
International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 P3, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Disasters. 2004 Sep;28(3):269-82. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2004.00258.x.
A reproductive-health knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) survey was carried out among 468 Afghan women of reproductive age. A convenience sample of women was selected from attendees in the outpatient departments of four health facilities in Kabul. Seventy-nine per cent of respondents had attended at least one antenatal consultation during their last pregnancy. Two-thirds (67 per cent) delivered their first child between 13 and 19 years. The Caesarean-section rate was low (1.6 per cent). Two-thirds (67 per cent) of deliveries occurred in the home. The contraceptive prevalence rate was 23 per cent (16 per cent modern and 7 per cent natural methods). Twenty-four per cent had knowledge of any STIs, although most of these women did not know correctly how to prevent them. Most of the women (93 per cent) needed authorization from their husband or a male relative before seeking professional health-care. In multivariate analysis, women's schooling was significantly associated with antenatal-care attendance (AOR 4.78), institutional delivery (AOR 2.29), skilled attendance at birth (AOR 2.07) and use of family planning (AOR 4.59). Reproductive-health indicators were noted to be poor even among these women living in Kabul, a group often considered to be the most privileged. To meet the reproductive-health needs of Afghan women, the socio-cultural aspects of their situation--especially their decision-making abilities -- will need to be addressed. A long-standing commitment from agencies and donors is required, in which the education of women should be placed as a cornerstone of the reconstruction process of Afghanistan.
对468名阿富汗育龄妇女进行了生殖健康知识、态度和行为（KAP）调查。从喀布尔四个卫生机构门诊部的就诊者中选取了一个方便样本。79%的受访者在其上次怀孕期间至少进行了一次产前咨询。三分之二（67%）的受访者在13至19岁之间生育了第一个孩子。剖宫产率较低（1.6%）。三分之二（67%）的分娩发生在家中。避孕普及率为23%（16%采用现代方法，7%采用自然方法）。24%的人了解任何性传播感染，尽管这些女性中的大多数并不清楚如何正确预防。大多数女性（93%）在寻求专业医疗保健之前需要得到丈夫或男性亲属的许可。在多变量分析中，女性受教育程度与产前保健就诊（调整后比值比4.78）、机构分娩（调整后比值比2.29）、熟练助产（调整后比值比2.07）和计划生育使用（调整后比值比4.59）显著相关。即使在这些居住在喀布尔、通常被认为是最具特权的女性中，生殖健康指标也很差。为满足阿富汗妇女的生殖健康需求，需要解决她们所处状况的社会文化方面问题，尤其是她们的决策能力。各机构和捐助方需要做出长期承诺，其中应将妇女教育作为阿富汗重建进程的基石。
