Greenlee Heather, White Emily, Patterson Ruth E, Kristal Alan R
Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Altern Complement Med. 2004 Aug;10(4):660-6. doi: 10.1089/acm.2004.10.660.
Although dietary supplement use is believed to be prevalent among patients with cancer, less is known about specific associations of supplements with types of cancer. These analyses describe the use of specific supplements by 10,857 cancer survivors in comparison to cancer-free controls (n = 64,226).
Cross-sectional cohort study. SUBJECTS/SETTINGS/LOCATION: Participants were members of the VITAL (Vitamins and Lifestyle) study, a cohort study of 75,288 men and women in western Washington State, 50-76 years of age, examining supplement use and future cancer risk. INTERVENTIONS/OUTCOME MEASURES: Respondents completed a 24-page questionnaire, including information on cancer history, demographic characteristics, and current use of vitamin, mineral, and herbal supplements.
In this cohort, cancer survivors used similar numbers of supplements as cancer-free controls. Analyses examined the association of a diagnosis history of 11 specific cancers (n > or = 280), by anatomic site, with the high use of multivitamins and 16 individual vitamin/mineral and 20 herbal/specialty supplements. In analyses adjusted for gender, age, education, and race/ethnicity, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the strongest positive associations were: cranberry pills with bladder cancer 3.44 (1.86, 6.35); zinc with ovarian cancer 2.19 (1.41, 3.40); soy with prostate cancer 1.99 (1.38, 2.87); melatonin with cervical cancer 1.86 (1.19, 2.90); and vitamin D with thyroid cancer 1.66 (1.21, 2.28).
Future research needs to assess the efficacy and safety of these specific supplements in these specific cancer populations.
尽管人们认为癌症患者普遍使用膳食补充剂，但对于补充剂与癌症类型之间的具体关联了解较少。这些分析描述了10857名癌症幸存者与无癌对照者（n = 64226）使用特定补充剂的情况。
横断面队列研究。
研究对象/设置/地点：参与者是VITAL（维生素与生活方式）研究的成员，这是一项对华盛顿州西部75288名50 - 76岁男女进行的队列研究，旨在研究补充剂的使用与未来癌症风险。
干预措施/结果测量：受访者完成了一份24页的问卷，包括癌症病史、人口统计学特征以及目前维生素、矿物质和草药补充剂的使用情况。
在这个队列中，癌症幸存者使用补充剂的数量与无癌对照者相似。分析研究了11种特定癌症（n≥280）按解剖部位的诊断病史与多种维生素的高使用情况以及16种单一维生素/矿物质和20种草药/特殊补充剂之间的关联。在对性别、年龄、教育程度和种族/民族进行调整的分析中，最强正相关的比值比和95%置信区间为：蔓越莓片与膀胱癌，3.44（1.86，6.35）；锌与卵巢癌，2.19（1.41，3.40）；大豆与前列腺癌，1.99（1.38，2.87）；褪黑素与宫颈癌，1.86（1.19，2.90）；维生素D与甲状腺癌，1.66（1.21，2.28）。
未来的研究需要评估这些特定补充剂在这些特定癌症人群中的疗效和安全性。
