希腊人和阿尔巴尼亚移民的母婴血清叶酸和维生素B12浓度

Schulpis K, Spiropoulos A, Gavrili S, Karikas G, Grigori C, Vlachos G, Papassotiriou I

Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece.

J Hum Nutr Diet. 2004 Oct;17(5):443-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2004.00550.x.

BACKGROUND

Low folate and vitamin B(12) concentrations during pregnancy are implicated with neural tube defects (NTD) and neurological manifestations in the neonates.

AIM

To compare serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B(12) in 1025 Greek mothers, 908 immigrant Albanian mothers at delivery and in the cord blood of their neonates.

METHODS

A 30 days food diary was kept from each mother. Folate and vitamin B(12) sera concentrations were measured with Bayer ADVIA Centaur System.

RESULTS

Energy, carbohydrates and total fat intake were significantly higher in Albanian mothers when compared with those of Greek origin. On the contrary, total protein, and especially animal protein intake were higher in the Greek mothers. Folate intake was similar between the two ethnic groups whereas vitamin B(12) intake in Albanians was evaluated lower (1.8 +/- 0.13 microg day(-1)) when compared with that of Greeks (2.8 +/- 0.12 microg day(-1); P < 0.001). Folate serum concentrations in mothers and newborns were similar (17.7 +/- 9.1 and 26.5 +/- 15.2 nm versus 18.1 +/- 8.6 and 24.6 +/- 14.7 nm, respectively P > 0.05) in the two ethnic groups. In contrast, vitamin B(12) serum concentration was significantly lower (135.0 +/- 19.6 pm) in the Albanian mothers compared with that of Greeks (164.5 +/- 17.7 pm, P < 0.0001). Consequently, the vitamin concentrations was found lower in the newborns of Albanian origin (133.6 +/- 11.8 pm) compared with that of Greek neonates (213.3 +/- 11.4 pm, P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

(a) Folate serum concentrations in Greek and Albanian mothers and in their neonates were similar, (b) vitamin B(12) serum concentrations, evaluated for first time in these ethnic groups, were significantly low in Albanians, both in mothers and newborns, (c) the low protein and especially the reduced animal protein intake from the Albanian mothers, possibly due to their low socio-economic status, may be responsible for their decreased vitamin B(12) serum concentrations and (d) vitamin B(12) supplementation along with an increase of animal protein intake might improve the vitamin serum status in the Albanians.

背景

孕期叶酸和维生素B12浓度低与新生儿神经管缺陷（NTD）及神经表现有关。

目的

比较1025名希腊母亲、908名阿尔巴尼亚移民母亲分娩时及其新生儿脐带血中叶酸和维生素B12的血清浓度。

方法

每位母亲记录30天的饮食日记。采用拜耳ADVIA Centaur系统测量叶酸和维生素B12的血清浓度。

结果

与希腊母亲相比，阿尔巴尼亚母亲的能量、碳水化合物和总脂肪摄入量显著更高。相反，希腊母亲的总蛋白，尤其是动物蛋白摄入量更高。两个种族群体的叶酸摄入量相似，而阿尔巴尼亚人的维生素B12摄入量（1.8±0.13微克/天）低于希腊人（2.8±0.12微克/天；P<0.001）。两个种族群体中母亲和新生儿的叶酸血清浓度相似（分别为17.7±9.1和26.5±15.2纳摩尔与18.1±8.6和24.6±14.7纳摩尔，P>0.05）。相比之下，阿尔巴尼亚母亲的维生素B12血清浓度（135.0±19.6皮摩尔）显著低于希腊母亲（164.5±17.7皮摩尔，P<0.0001）。因此，阿尔巴尼亚新生儿的维生素浓度（133.6±11.8皮摩尔）低于希腊新生儿（213.3±11.4皮摩尔，P<0.0001）。

结论

（a）希腊和阿尔巴尼亚母亲及其新生儿的叶酸血清浓度相似；（b）在这些种族群体中首次评估的维生素B12血清浓度，阿尔巴尼亚母亲和新生儿的显著较低；（c）阿尔巴尼亚母亲蛋白质摄入低，尤其是动物蛋白摄入减少，可能由于其社会经济地位低，这可能是其维生素B12血清浓度降低的原因；（d）补充维生素B12并增加动物蛋白摄入可能会改善阿尔巴尼亚人的维生素血清状况。