Fournier-Chambrillon Christine, Aasted Bent, Perrot Amélie, Pontier Dominique, Sauvage Frank, Artois Marc, Cassiède Jean-Michel, Chauby Xavier, Dal Molin Alain, Simon Christian, Fournier Pascal
Groupe de Recherche et d'Etude pour la Gestion de l'Environnement, Route de Préchac, 33730 Villandraut, France.
J Wildl Dis. 2004 Jul;40(3):394-402. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.394.
Owing to the rapid decline of the European mink (Mustela lutreola) in France, a national conservation action plan has been initiated, in which scientific research to improve understanding of the causes of the decline is one of the primary objectives. In order to investigate the possible role of Aleutian disease parvovirus (ADV) in decline of the species, a serologic survey was conducted from March 1996 to March 2002 in 420 free-ranging individuals of six species of small carnivores distributed in eight departments of southwestern France. Antibodies to ADV were detected in 17 of 75 American mink (Mustela vison), 12 of 99 European mink, 16 of 145 polecats (Mustela putorius), four of 17 stone martens (Martes foina), one of 16 pine martens (Martes martes), and three of 68 common genets (Genetta genetta). Seroprevalence was significantly higher in American mink than in other species. Seropositive individuals with gamma globulin levels >20% were observed in four European mink, four American mink, two stone martens, and one pine marten. Geographic distribution of positive animals indicates the virus has spread to all areas where European mink are found. Furthermore, a trend of increasing prevalence seems to appear in Mustela sp. sympatric with American mink. Although further investigations are necessary to evaluate the role of ADV in decline of European mink, evidence of the virus in the wild at the levels found in our study has implications for conservation of this species.
由于欧洲水貂（Mustela lutreola）在法国数量迅速减少，一项全国性保护行动计划已启动，其中增进对数量减少原因理解的科学研究是主要目标之一。为调查阿留申病细小病毒（ADV）在该物种数量减少中可能发挥的作用，于1996年3月至2002年3月对分布在法国西南部八个省的六种小型食肉动物的420只自由放养个体进行了血清学调查。在75只美洲水貂（Mustela vison）中的17只、99只欧洲水貂中的12只、145只鸡貂（Mustela putorius）中的16只、17只石貂（Martes foina）中的4只、16只松貂（Martes martes）中的1只以及68只普通灵猫（Genetta genetta）中的3只检测到了ADV抗体。美洲水貂的血清阳性率显著高于其他物种。在四只欧洲水貂、四只美洲水貂、两只石貂和一只松貂中观察到γ球蛋白水平>20%的血清阳性个体。阳性动物的地理分布表明该病毒已传播到发现欧洲水貂的所有地区。此外，在与美洲水貂同域分布的鼬属动物中似乎出现了患病率上升的趋势。尽管需要进一步调查以评估ADV在欧洲水貂数量减少中的作用，但在我们研究中发现的野外病毒水平证据对该物种的保护具有重要意义。
