McCusker J, Stoddard A M, Zapka J G, Morrison C S, Zorn M, Lewis B F
University of Massachusetts AIDS Research Unit, University of Massachusetts School of Public Health, Amherst.
Am J Public Health. 1992 Apr;82(4):533-40. doi: 10.2105/ajph.82.4.533.
Interventions are needed to assist drug abusers in reducing risky drug and sexual behavior.
A randomized controlled trial compared three small-group AIDS educational interventions among 567 clients of a 21-day inpatient drug detoxification program: a two-session informational intervention, given either during the first (early) or second (late) week of treatment; and a six-session enhanced intervention. Changes in knowledge, attitudes, and psychomotor skills were assessed before and after each intervention, and behavioral outcomes were assessed at follow-up 10 to 18 weeks after admission.
Immediately after the interventions, enhanced group members reported significantly greater self-efficacy to talk themselves out of AIDS-risky behavior; other knowledge and attitude scales did not differ by intervention. At follow-up, significant reductions in risky drug use were reported by all groups. Enhanced group members reported significantly greater reduction in injection frequency than did late informational subjects.
No beneficial effect was detected of delaying AIDS education for clients entering detoxification. At this early stage of follow-up, there is only weak evidence that an enhanced intervention improved outcomes.
需要采取干预措施来帮助药物滥用者减少危险的药物和性行为。
一项随机对照试验在一个为期21天的住院药物戒毒项目的567名客户中比较了三种小组艾滋病教育干预措施：一种为期两节课的信息干预，在治疗的第一周（早期）或第二周（晚期）进行；以及一种为期六节课的强化干预。在每次干预前后评估知识、态度和心理运动技能的变化，并在入院后10至18周的随访中评估行为结果。
干预后立即发现，强化组的成员报告说，他们在说服自己避免艾滋病危险行为方面的自我效能感显著更高；其他知识和态度量表在不同干预措施之间没有差异。在随访中，所有组报告的危险药物使用都有显著减少。强化组的成员报告说，与晚期信息组相比，注射频率的降低幅度显著更大。
对于进入戒毒所的客户，未发现延迟艾滋病教育有有益效果。在随访的这个早期阶段，仅有微弱的证据表明强化干预改善了结果。
