He K, Hu F B, Colditz G A, Manson J E, Willett W C, Liu S
Department of Preventive Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611-4402, USA.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Dec;28(12):1569-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802795.
To examine the changes in intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among middle-aged women.
Prospective cohort study with 12 y of follow-up conducted in the Nurses' Health Study.
A total of 74,063 female nurses aged 38-63 y, who were free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes at baseline in 1984.
Dietary information was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and body weight and height were self-reported.
During the 12-y follow-up, participants tended to gain weight with aging, but those with the largest increase in fruit and vegetable intake had a 24% of lower risk of becoming obese (BMI> or =30 kg/m2) compared with those who had the largest decrease in intake after adjustment for age, physical activity, smoking, total energy intake, and other lifestyle variables (relative risk (RR), 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-0.86; P for trend <0.0001). For major weight gain (> or =25 kg), women with the largest increase in intake of fruits and vegetables had a 28% lower risk compared to those in the other extreme group (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.93; P=0.01). Similar results were observed for changes in intake of fruits and vegetables when analyzed separately.
Our findings suggest that increasing intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce long-term risk of obesity and weight gain among middle-aged women.
研究中年女性水果和蔬菜摄入量的变化与肥胖风险及体重增加之间的关系。
在护士健康研究中进行的一项为期12年随访的前瞻性队列研究。
共有74063名年龄在38至63岁之间的女性护士，她们在1984年基线时没有心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病。
使用经过验证的食物频率问卷收集饮食信息，体重和身高由自我报告。
在12年的随访期间，参与者的体重往往随着年龄增长而增加，但在调整年龄、体力活动、吸烟、总能量摄入和其他生活方式变量后，水果和蔬菜摄入量增加最多的参与者与摄入量减少最多的参与者相比，肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m2）风险降低了24%（相对风险（RR）为0.76；95%置信区间（CI）为0.69 - 0.86；趋势P<0.0001）。对于体重显著增加（≥25 kg）的情况，水果和蔬菜摄入量增加最多的女性与另一极端组相比，风险降低了28%（RR为0.72；95%CI为0.55 - 0.93；P = 0.01）。分别分析水果和蔬菜摄入量的变化时也观察到了类似结果。
我们的研究结果表明，增加水果和蔬菜的摄入量可能会降低中年女性肥胖和体重增加的长期风险。
