Yamanaka Akira, Imai Hiroshi, Adachi Miwa, Komatsu Mitsunobu, Islam A T M Fayezul, Kodama Ichiro, Kitazawa Chisato, Endo Katsuhiko
Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan.
Zoolog Sci. 2004 Oct;21(10):1049-55. doi: 10.2108/zsj.21.1049.
Diapause pupae of Papilio xuthus show color polymorphism, represented by diapause-green, orange, and brownish-orange types that are each associated with specific pupation sites. We investigated the role of the site of pupation on the induction of the development of orange types (or brownish-orange types), and the endocrine mechanism underlying the control of color polymorphism in short-day pupae. All short-day larvae of the wandering stage developed into orange or brownish-orange type pupae when they were placed in rough-surfaced containers after gut-purge. Utilizing a pharate pupal ligation between the thorax and abdomen, the endocrine mechanism underlying the control of color polymorphism was shown to involve a head-thorax factor (Orange-Pupa-Inducing Factor: OPIF) that induced orange types in short-day pupae. OPIF was bioassayed using the ligated abdomens of short-day pharate pupae. OPIF was extractable with 2% NaCl solution from 5th-instar larval ganglia complexes following the mesothoracic complex (TG(2,3)-AG(1-7)), but it could not be extracted with either acetone or 80% ethanol solution. OPIF may not exist in the brains of day-0 pupae or in brain-subesophageal ganglion and prothoracic ganglion complexes of 5th-instar larvae. The short-day pharate pupae responded to OPIF in a dose-dependent manner.
柑橘凤蝶滞育蛹表现出颜色多态性，以滞育绿色、橙色和橙褐色类型为代表，每种类型都与特定的化蛹地点相关。我们研究了化蛹地点对橙色类型（或橙褐色类型）发育诱导的作用，以及短日照蛹中颜色多态性控制的内分泌机制。所有处于漫游阶段的短日照幼虫在肠道排空后置于表面粗糙的容器中时，都会发育成橙色或橙褐色类型的蛹。利用蛹期胸腹部之间的结扎，颜色多态性控制的内分泌机制被证明涉及一种头胸部因子（橙色蛹诱导因子：OPIF），它能在短日照蛹中诱导橙色类型。OPIF使用短日照蛹期蛹的结扎腹部进行生物测定。OPIF可在中胸复合体（TG(2,3)-AG(1-7)）之后用2% NaCl溶液从五龄幼虫神经节复合体中提取，但不能用丙酮或80%乙醇溶液提取。OPIF可能不存在于0日龄蛹的脑中，也不存在于五龄幼虫的脑-咽下神经节和前胸神经节复合体中。短日照蛹期蛹对OPIF呈剂量依赖性反应。
