Jian Le, Du Chuan-Jun, Lee Andy H, Binns Colin W
School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia.
Int J Cancer. 2005 Mar 1;113(6):1010-4. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20667.
To determine whether dietary intake of lycopene and other carotenoids has an etiological association with prostate cancer, a case-control study was conducted in Hangzhou, southeast China during 2001-2002. The cases were 130 incident patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The controls were 274 hospital inpatients without prostate cancer or any other malignant diseases. Information on usual food consumption, including vegetables and fruits, was collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured food frequency questionnaire. The risks of prostate cancer for the intake of carotenoids and selected vegetables and fruits rich in carotenoids were assessed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, locality, education, income, body mass index, marital status, number of children, family history of prostate cancer, tea drinking, total fat and caloric intake. The prostate cancer risk declined with increasing consumption of lycopene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin. Intake of tomatoes, pumpkin, spinach, watermelon and citrus fruits were also inversely associated with the prostate cancer risk. The adjusted odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartiles of intake were 0.18 (95% CI: 0.08-0.41) for lycopene, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.21-0.85) for alpha-carotene, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.17-0.69) for beta-carotene, 0.15 (95% CI: 0.06-0.34) for beta-cryptoxanthin and 0.02 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10) for lutein and zeaxanthin. The corresponding dose-response relationships were also significant, suggesting that vegetables and fruits rich in lycopene and other carotenoids may be protective against prostate cancer.
为了确定番茄红素和其他类胡萝卜素的膳食摄入量与前列腺癌是否存在病因学关联，2001年至2002年期间在中国东南部的杭州进行了一项病例对照研究。病例为130例经组织学确诊的前列腺腺癌新发病例。对照为274名无前列腺癌或任何其他恶性疾病的住院患者。通过使用结构化食物频率问卷进行面对面访谈，收集包括蔬菜和水果在内的日常食物消费信息。使用多因素逻辑回归评估类胡萝卜素以及选定的富含类胡萝卜素的蔬菜和水果摄入量与前列腺癌的风险，并对年龄、地区、教育程度、收入、体重指数、婚姻状况、子女数量、前列腺癌家族史、饮茶情况、总脂肪和热量摄入进行了调整。随着番茄红素、α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、叶黄素和玉米黄质摄入量的增加，前列腺癌风险降低。番茄、南瓜、菠菜、西瓜和柑橘类水果的摄入量也与前列腺癌风险呈负相关。摄入量最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比，调整后的优势比分别为：番茄红素0.18（95%可信区间：0.08 - 0.41），α-胡萝卜素0.43（95%可信区间：0.21 - 0.85），β-胡萝卜素0.34（95%可信区间：0.17 - 0.69），β-隐黄质0.15（95%可信区间：0.06 - 0.34），叶黄素和玉米黄质0.02（95%可信区间：0.01 - 0.10）。相应的剂量反应关系也具有显著性，表明富含番茄红素和其他类胡萝卜素的蔬菜和水果可能对前列腺癌具有保护作用。
