Demark-Wahnefried Wendy, Clipp Elizabeth C, Morey Miriam C, Pieper Carl F, Sloane Richard, Snyder Denise Clutter, Cohen Harvey J
Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center (DUMC), Durham, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2004 Oct 29;1(1):16. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-1-16.
Functional decline threatens independent living and is common among individuals diagnosed with cancer, especially those who are elderly. The purpose of this study was to explore whether dietary and exercise practices are associated with physical function status among older cancer survivors. METHODS: Mailed surveys were used to ascertain data on physical function, dietary fat, fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, and exercise among elderly diagnosed with early stage (I-II) breast (N = 286) or prostate cancer (N = 402) within the past 18 months. RESULTS: Sixty-one percent of respondents reported diets with <30% of energy from fat, 20.4% reported F&V intakes of 5+ daily servings, and 44.6% reported regular vigorous exercise. Significant, independent associations were found between physical functioning and reported dietary fat intake, F&V consumption, and exercise. A simultaneous multiple regression model controlled for age, race, gender, time since diagnosis and concurrent health behaviors yielded the following estimates: (1) 0.2 increase in the SF-36 physical function subscale (PFS) score with each reported 1% decrease in percent energy from fat (p < .0001); (2) 0.9 increase in the SF-36 PFS score for each reported serving of F&V/day (p = .0049); and (3) 15.4 increase in the SF-36 PFS score with a positive response for regular vigorous exercise (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this cross-sectional survey suggest that regular vigorous exercise and consumption of diets low in fat and rich in F&Vs are associated with higher levels of physical functioning among older cancer survivors. Interventions that promote healthful lifestyle change may deliver considerable benefit within this ever increasing and vulnerable population.
功能衰退威胁到独立生活能力，在癌症患者中很常见，尤其是老年人。本研究的目的是探讨饮食和运动习惯是否与老年癌症幸存者的身体功能状况相关。方法：采用邮寄调查问卷的方式，收集过去18个月内被诊断为早期（I-II期）乳腺癌（N = 286）或前列腺癌（N = 402）的老年人的身体功能、膳食脂肪、水果和蔬菜（F&V）摄入量以及运动情况的数据。结果：61%的受访者报告其饮食中脂肪供能低于30%，20.4%的受访者报告每日F&V摄入量为5份及以上，44.6%的受访者报告有规律的剧烈运动。身体功能与报告的膳食脂肪摄入量、F&V摄入量和运动之间存在显著的独立关联。一个同时控制年龄、种族、性别、确诊时间和并发健康行为的多元回归模型得出以下估计值：（1）报告的脂肪供能百分比每降低1%，SF-36身体功能分量表（PFS）得分增加0.2（p <.0001）；（2）报告的每日F&V摄入量每增加一份，SF-36 PFS得分增加0.9（p =.0049）；（3）对有规律的剧烈运动回答为“是”，SF-36 PFS得分增加15.4（p <.0001）。结论：这项横断面调查的结果表明，有规律的剧烈运动以及低脂且富含F&V的饮食与老年癌症幸存者较高的身体功能水平相关。促进健康生活方式改变的干预措施可能会给这个不断增长的弱势群体带来相当大的益处。
