Dawson B, Hopkinson R, Appleby B, Stewart G, Roberts C
School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, The University of Western Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2004 Sep;7(3):292-301. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80024-0.
his paper serves as a companion to our recent study of the movement patterns and game activities of players (from five different positions) during matches in the 2000 Australian Football League season. Using lapsed-time video analysis, the same individual players (n= 11) as filmed in matches were also monitored during 21 in-season, main training sessions conducted by their clubs in order to assess the degree to which training activities matched game demands. In general, the training sessions did not involve physical pressure; therefore there were very few contested marks and ground balls or tackles, shepherds and spoils, thereby not matching these game demands. Players typically had more possessions (kicks and handballs) at training than in games. They also spent a greater percentage of total time standing and less time walking at training than in games. Fast-running and sprinting efforts at training were almost all for durations of <6 secs, which matched game demands, as did changes of direction when sprinting, which were almost all in a 0-90 degrees arc. However, across all players filmed, high intensity (fast-running and sprinting) movements were not performed as frequently at training (one every 76 secs) as in games (one every 51 secs). Therefore, while some game demands were adequately replicated at training, others were not closely simulated, suggesting that, after careful interpretation of these results, some improvements in training practices could be made.
本文是我们近期一项研究的补充，该研究关注了2000年澳大利亚足球联赛赛季比赛中（来自五个不同位置的）球员的运动模式和比赛活动。通过延时视频分析，对比赛中拍摄的相同球员个体（n = 11）在其俱乐部进行的21次赛季内主要训练课期间也进行了监测，以评估训练活动与比赛需求的匹配程度。总体而言，训练课不涉及身体对抗压力；因此，争球、地面球或铲球、护球和破坏球的情况非常少，从而与这些比赛需求不匹配。球员在训练中通常比在比赛中有更多的控球权（踢球和手传球）。与比赛相比，他们在训练中站立的总时间占比更大，行走的时间更少。训练中的快速奔跑和冲刺几乎都持续不到6秒，这与比赛需求相符，冲刺时的变向情况也几乎都是在0至90度的弧度内，这同样与比赛需求相符。然而，在所有拍摄的球员中，高强度（快速奔跑和冲刺）动作在训练中的执行频率（每76秒一次）不如在比赛中（每51秒一次）高。因此，虽然训练中对一些比赛需求进行了充分的复制，但其他需求并未得到紧密模拟，这表明在对这些结果进行仔细解读后，可以对训练方法进行一些改进。
