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2005年至2017年澳大利亚足球联赛比赛身体需求的演变:系统评价与Meta回归分析

Evolution of Physical Demands of Australian Football League Matches from 2005 to 2017: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression.

作者信息

Janetzki Samuel J, Bourdon Pitre C, Norton Kevin I, Lane Jackson C, Bellenger Clint R

机构信息

Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.

South Australian Sports Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

出版信息

Sports Med Open. 2021 Apr 28;7(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s40798-021-00301-1.

DOI:10.1186/s40798-021-00301-1
PMID:33913061
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8081813/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is extensive research investigating the match demands of players in the Australian Football League (AFL).

OBJECTIVE

This systematic literature review and meta-regression sought to analyse the evolution of in-game demands in AFL matches from 2005 to 2017, focusing on the relationship between volume and intensity.

METHODS

A systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted. Included studies examined the physical demands of AFL matches utilising global positioning system (GPS) technology. Meta-regression analysed the shift in reported volume (total distance and total match time) and intensity (metres per minute [m.min], sprint duration and acceleration) metrics for overall changes, across quarters and positional groups (forwards, nomadics and defenders) from 2005 to 2017 inclusive and for each year between 2005 and 2007, 2007 and 2010, 2010 and 2012, and 2012 and 2015/2017 breakpoints.

RESULTS

Distance (p = 0.094), m.min (p = 0.494), match time (p = 0.591), time over 18 km·h (p = 0.271), and number of accelerations greater than 4 km·h (p = 0.498) and 10 km·h (p = 0.335) in 1 s did not change from 2005 to 2017. From 2005 to 2007 volume decreased (- 6.10 min of match time; p = 0.010) and intensity increased (6.8 m.min increase; p = 0.023). Volume and intensity increased from 2007 to 2010, evidenced by increases in total distance (302 m; p = 0.039), time over 18 km·h (0.31 min; p = 0.005), and number of accelerations greater than 4 km·h (41.1; p = 0.004) and 10 km·h (3.6; p = 0.005) in 1 s. From 2010 to 2012, intensity decreased, evidenced by reductions in metres per minute (- 4.3; p = 0.022), time over 18 km·h (- 0.93 min; p < 0.001), and number of accelerations greater than 4 km·h (- 104.4; p < 0.001) and 10 km·h (- 8.3; p < 0.001) in 1 s, whilst volume stabilised with no changes in distance (p = 0.068) and match time (p = 0.443). From 2012 to 2015/2017 volume remained stable and intensity increased with time over 18 km·h (0.27 min; p = 0.008) and number of accelerations greater than 4 km·h (31.6; p = 0.016) in 1 s increasing.

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in volume and intensity of AFL match demands are defined by discrete periods from 2007 to 2010 and 2010 to 2012. The interaction of rule and interpretation changes and coaching strategies play a major role in these evolutionary changes. In turn, modified game styles impact player game demands, training, and selection priorities. Standardisation and uniformity of GPS data reporting is recommended due to inconsistencies in the literature.

摘要

背景

有大量研究探讨了澳大利亚足球联赛(AFL)中球员的比赛需求。

目的

本系统文献综述和元回归分析旨在分析2005年至2017年AFL比赛中比赛需求的演变,重点关注运动量与强度之间的关系。

方法

对Ovid MEDLINE、Embase、Emcare、Scopus、SPORTDiscus和Cochrane图书馆数据库进行了系统检索。纳入的研究利用全球定位系统(GPS)技术检测了AFL比赛的体能需求。元回归分析了2005年至2017年(含)期间整体变化、各节以及位置组别(前锋、游走球员和后卫)的报告运动量(总距离和总比赛时间)和强度(每分钟米数[m.min]、冲刺时长和加速度)指标的变化,以及2005年至2007年、2007年至2010年、2010年至2012年、2012年至2015/2017年各断点之间每年的变化。

结果

2005年至2017年,距离(p = 0.094)、m.min(p = 0.494)、比赛时间(p = 0.591)、时速超过18公里的时间(p = 0.271)以及每秒加速度大于4公里(p = 0.498)和10公里(p = 0.335)的次数均未发生变化。2005年至2007年,运动量下降(比赛时间减少 - 6.10分钟;p = 0.010),强度增加(m.min增加6.8;p = 0.023)。2007年至2010年,运动量和强度增加,总距离增加(302米;p = 0.039)、时速超过18公里的时间增加(0.31分钟;p = 0.005)、每秒加速度大于4公里(41.1;p = 0.004)和10公里(3.6;p = 0.005)的次数增加证明了这一点。2010年至2012年,强度下降,每分钟米数减少( - 4.3;p = 0.022)、时速超过18公里的时间减少( - 0.93分钟;p < 0.001)、每秒加速度大于4公里( - 104.4;p < 0.001)和10公里( - 8.3;p < 0.001)的次数减少证明了这一点,而运动量稳定,距离(p = 0.068)和比赛时间(p = 0.443)没有变化。2012年至2015/2017年,运动量保持稳定,强度随着时速超过18公里的时间增加(0.27分钟;p = 0.008)和每秒加速度大于4公里的次数增加(31.6;p = 0.016)而增加。

结论

AFL比赛需求的运动量和强度变化由从2007年至2010年以及2010年至2012年的离散时期所界定。规则和判罚变化与教练策略的相互作用在这些演变中起主要作用。反过来,比赛风格的改变会影响球员的比赛需求、训练和选拔重点。鉴于文献中的不一致性,建议对GPS数据报告进行标准化和统一化。

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