Nystad Wenche, Meyer Haakon E, Nafstad Per, Tverdal Aage, Engeland Anders
Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Nov 15;160(10):969-76. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh303.
The authors estimated the association between asthma and body mass index in a 1963-2002 study of 135,000 Norwegians aged 14-60 years who were followed on average for 21 years. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to estimate the relative risk of asthma adjusting for smoking, education, and physical activity. Compared with persons with a body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) of less than 25, overweight (body mass index: 25-29) men and women had relative risks of asthma of 1.27 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13, 1.43) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.17, 1.45), respectively, while obese (body mass index: >/=30) men and women had relative risks of 1.78 (95% CI: 1.35, 2.34) and 1.99 (95% CI: 1.67, 2.37), respectively. Stratified analyses revealed a similar association between body mass index and asthma for never smokers, ever smokers, persons with less than or equal to 12 years of education, and persons with more than 12 years of education. Analyses including all the covariates gave results similar to those not adjusting for these factors. The risk of asthma increased steadily with body mass index, from a body mass index of 20 in men and of 22 in women. In men, the risk of asthma increased by 10% with each unit of increased body mass index between 25 and 30. The similar value for women was 7%. Overweight or obese persons reported asthma more often than did thinner persons after adjustment for smoking, education, and physical activity.
在一项针对13.5万名年龄在14至60岁之间的挪威人的研究中，作者估算了哮喘与体重指数之间的关联。该研究从1963年持续至2002年，这些参与者平均被随访了21年。采用Cox比例风险回归模型来估算哮喘的相对风险，并对吸烟、教育程度和体育活动进行了校正。与体重指数（体重（千克）/身高（米）²）低于25的人相比，超重（体重指数：25至29）的男性和女性患哮喘的相对风险分别为1.27（95%置信区间（CI）：1.13，1.43）和1.30（95%CI：1.17，1.45），而肥胖（体重指数：≥30）的男性和女性患哮喘的相对风险分别为1.78（95%CI：1.35，2.34）和1.99（95%CI：1.67，2.37）。分层分析显示，对于从不吸烟者、曾经吸烟者、受教育年限小于或等于12年的人和受教育年限超过12年的人，体重指数与哮喘之间存在相似的关联。纳入所有协变量的分析结果与未对这些因素进行校正的结果相似。哮喘风险随着体重指数的增加而稳步上升，男性从体重指数20开始，女性从体重指数22开始。在男性中，体重指数在25至30之间每增加一个单位，哮喘风险增加10%。女性相应的数值为7%。在校正吸烟、教育程度和体育活动后，超重或肥胖者报告哮喘的频率高于体型较瘦者。
