Zargar Abdul Hamid, Sheikh Mohammad Iqbal, Bashir Mir Iftikhar, Masoodi Shariq Rashid, Laway Bashir Ahmad, Wani Arshad Iqbal, Bhat Mohammad Hayat, Dar Farooq Ahmad
Department of Endocrinology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1098, GPO Srinagar 190001, Kashmir, India.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004 Nov;66(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.02.023.
This prospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Kashmiri women and to assess the effect of various demographic factors. Two thousand pregnant women (divided into groups A and B, being the first and last 1000 consecutive women) attending various antenatal clinics in six districts of Kashmir valley were screened for GDM by 1 h 50 g oral glucose challenge test. Four hundred and fourteen (20.8%) women (216 from group A and 198 from group B) had an abnormal screening test and proceeded to oral glucose tolerance testing. Women from group A had a 3 h 100 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and GDM was as classified by Carpenter and Coustan. A 2 h 75 g OGTT was performed on group B subjects and WHO criteria applied for diagnosis of GDM. The overall prevalence of GDM was 3.8% (3.1% in group A versus 4.4% in group B-P-value 0.071). GDM prevalence steadily increased with age (from 1.7% in women below 25 years to 18% in women 35 years or older). GDM occurred more frequently in women who were residing in urban areas, had borne three or more children, had history of abortion(s) or GDM during previous pregnancies, had given birth to a macrosomic baby, or had a family history of diabetes mellitus. Women with obesity, hypertension, osmotic symptoms, proteinuria or hydramnios had a higher prevalence of GDM.
本前瞻性研究旨在确定克什米尔地区女性妊娠糖尿病（GDM）的患病率，并评估各种人口统计学因素的影响。在克什米尔山谷六个地区的各个产前诊所就诊的2000名孕妇（分为A组和B组，分别为最初和最后连续的1000名女性），通过1小时50克口服葡萄糖耐量试验筛查GDM。414名（20.8%）女性（A组216名，B组198名）筛查试验异常，随后进行口服葡萄糖耐量测试。A组女性进行3小时100克口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），并根据Carpenter和Coustan的标准对GDM进行分类。对B组受试者进行2小时75克OGTT，并采用世界卫生组织（WHO）标准诊断GDM。GDM的总体患病率为3.8%（A组为3.1%，B组为4.4%，P值为0.071）。GDM患病率随年龄稳步上升（25岁以下女性为1.7%，35岁及以上女性为18%）。GDM在居住在城市地区、生育三个或更多子女、既往妊娠有流产史或GDM史、分娩过巨大儿或有糖尿病家族史的女性中更常见。患有肥胖、高血压、渗透性症状、蛋白尿或羊水过多的女性GDM患病率更高。
