Li Zhiyan, Yang Ruifeng, Xu Guobing, Xia Tiean
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
Clin Chem. 2005 Jan;51(1):144-50. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2004.038646. Epub 2004 Nov 11.
Lipid abnormalities are major risk factors for premature coronary artery diseases. We investigated serum lipids and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in a professional population in Beijing and compared these data with those obtained in a similar population during 1984-1986.
We studied 14 963 individuals 20-90 years of age. Health status was determined by questionnaires and physical check-ups. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and total triglycerides (TGs) were measured. TC >5.7 mmol/L, LDL-C >3.6 mmol/L, TGs >1.7 mmol/L, and HDL-C <0.9 mmol/L were defined as abnormal.
Mean serum TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations were increased compared with the values obtained in 1984-1986, with 52.7% of males and 42.9% of females having at least one abnormal lipid concentration. Hypercholesterolemia occurred in 6% of males and 2.8% of females in the younger group (20-39 years) and in 20.2% of males and 38.7% of females in the older group (>60 years). HDL-C was abnormally low in approximately 7% of males and in 1.6% of females. The prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and abnormally low HDL-C, especially the presence of slight hypertriglyceridemia, were higher than in 1984-1986 in all age groups. The increase was most prominent in the middle age group (40-59 years).
Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and abnormally low HDL-C have increased considerably over the past 20 years in professional populations in Beijing. Dietary changes and less physical activity resulting from rapid improvements in living conditions may be the causes for the increases. Enhanced preventive measures should be undertaken to modify these situations.
脂质异常是冠状动脉疾病过早发生的主要危险因素。我们调查了北京某职业人群的血脂及血脂异常患病率，并将这些数据与1984 - 1986年在类似人群中获得的数据进行了比较。
我们研究了14963名年龄在20 - 90岁之间的个体。通过问卷调查和体格检查确定健康状况。测量总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）和总甘油三酯（TGs）。TC >5.7 mmol/L、LDL - C >3.6 mmol/L、TGs >1.7 mmol/L以及HDL - C <0.9 mmol/L被定义为异常。
与1984 - 1986年获得的值相比，血清TC、LDL - C和TG的平均浓度有所升高，52.7%的男性和42.9%的女性至少有一种脂质浓度异常。在较年轻组（20 - 39岁）中，高胆固醇血症在6%的男性和2.8%的女性中出现；在较年长组（>60岁）中，20.2%的男性和38.7%的女性出现高胆固醇血症。约7%的男性和1.6%的女性HDL - C异常偏低。在所有年龄组中，高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和HDL - C异常偏低的患病率，尤其是轻度高甘油三酯血症的患病率，均高于1984 - 1986年。这种增加在中年组（40 - 59岁）最为显著。
在过去20年中，北京职业人群中的高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和HDL - C异常偏低情况显著增加。生活条件的快速改善导致的饮食变化和体力活动减少可能是这些增加的原因。应采取强化预防措施来改善这些情况。
