Morelli Vincent, James Ernest
Family Practice Residency Program, Health Sciences Center, Louisiana State University, 200 West Esplanade Avenue, Suite 412, Kenner, LA 70065, USA.
Prim Care. 2004 Dec;31(4):1039-54, x. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2004.07.009.
Injuries to the Achilles tendon are common in primary care. Insertional tendonitis, retrocalcaneal bursitis, and paratenonitis are acute injuries usually treated conservatively with rest, ice, anti-inflammatory measures, and physical rehabilitation. Causative factors such as improper training or biomechanical abnormalities must be corrected to prevent reoccurrence. Achilles tendinosis is a chronic condition that does not always cause clinical symptoms. When symptoms occur, they are thought to be due to microtrauma or progressive failure resulting in inflammation. Again, conservative treatment usually relieves symptoms, but treatment may be prolonged. Surgical treatment may occasionally be recommended. With rupture of the Achilles, there exists some controversy regarding the advantage of conservative versus surgical management. Treatment should be based on individual patient considerations and expectations.
跟腱损伤在初级保健中很常见。插入性肌腱炎、跟腱后滑囊炎和腱周组织炎是急性损伤，通常采用休息、冰敷、抗炎措施和物理康复等保守治疗方法。必须纠正诸如训练不当或生物力学异常等致病因素，以防止复发。跟腱病是一种慢性疾病，并不总是引起临床症状。当出现症状时，认为是由微创伤或渐进性衰竭导致炎症引起的。同样，保守治疗通常能缓解症状，但治疗可能会持续较长时间。偶尔可能会建议进行手术治疗。对于跟腱断裂，在保守治疗与手术治疗的优势方面存在一些争议。治疗应基于个体患者的考虑因素和期望。
