Bjørkkjaer T, Brunborg L A, Arslan G, Lind R A, Brun J G, Valen M, Klementsen B, Berstad A, Frøyland L
National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004 Nov;39(11):1088-94. doi: 10.1080/00365520410009429.
Rheumatic joint pain is a common extra-intestinal complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because the high ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids (FAs) of the Western diet might promote rheumatic disorders, we sought to compare the effects of short-term duodenal administration of n-3-rich seal oil and n-6-rich soy oil on IBD-related joint pain.
Nineteen patients with IBD-related joint pain were included in the study; 9 had Crohn disease and 10 had ulcerative colitis. Ten millilitres seal oil (n = 10) or soy oil (n = 9) was self-administered through a nasoduodenal feeding tube 3 times daily for 10 days.
Compared with soy oil treatment, seal oil significantly reduced the duration of morning stiffness (P = 0.024), number of tender joints (P = 0.035), intensity of pain (P = 0.025) and the doctor's scoring of rheumatic disease activity (P = 0.025) at the end of the 10-day treatment period. Analysis of the effects as area under the curve (area between the curve and baseline, zero) for the entire period from start of treatment until 6 months' post-treatment suggested a long-lasting beneficial effect of seal oil administration on joint pain, whereas soy oil tended (not significantly) to aggravate the condition. Consistently, the serum ratios of n-6 to n-3 FAs (P < 0.01) and arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid (P < 0.01) were reduced after treatment with seal oil.
The results suggest distinctive, differential prolonged effects on IBD-related joint pain of short-term duodenal administration of n-3-rich seal oil (significant improvement) and n-6-rich soy oil (tendency to exacerbation).
风湿性关节疼痛是炎症性肠病（IBD）常见的肠外并发症。由于西方饮食中n-6与n-3脂肪酸（FAs）的比例较高可能会促发风湿性疾病，我们试图比较短期十二指肠给予富含n-3的海豹油和富含n-6的大豆油对IBD相关关节疼痛的影响。
19例IBD相关关节疼痛患者纳入本研究；其中9例为克罗恩病，10例为溃疡性结肠炎。10例患者通过鼻十二指肠喂养管每日3次自行给予10毫升海豹油，共10天；9例患者给予大豆油。
与大豆油治疗相比，海豹油在10天治疗期结束时显著缩短了晨僵持续时间（P = 0.024）、压痛关节数量（P = 0.035）、疼痛强度（P = 0.025）以及医生对风湿性疾病活动的评分（P = 0.025）。从治疗开始至治疗后6个月整个时间段的曲线下面积（曲线与基线零之间的面积）分析表明，给予海豹油对关节疼痛有持久的有益作用，而大豆油则有（不显著）加重病情的趋势。同样，海豹油治疗后血清中n-6与n-3 FAs的比例（P < 0.01）以及花生四烯酸与二十碳五烯酸的比例（P < 0.01）降低。
结果表明，短期十二指肠给予富含n-3的海豹油（显著改善）和富含n-6的大豆油（有加重趋势）对IBD相关关节疼痛有明显不同的长期影响。
