Courtright Paul, West Sheila K
Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Nov;10(11):2012-6. doi: 10.3201/eid1011.040353.
Globally, trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness. Survey data consistently show that trachoma-related blindness is two to four times higher in women than men. Tracing the increased risk for trachoma and its consequences for women suggests that other factors besides biology may contribute. Understanding the reasons for the excess risk for and consequences of trachoma in girls and women requires examining a number of issues: Are girls and women more biologically susceptible to the consequences of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis? Could other factors help explain the excess of conjunctival scarring and trichiasis in women? Do gender roles affect the risk for trachoma and its consequences? Are women more likely to have recurrence after trichiasis surgery compared to men? This article explores the answers to these questions.
在全球范围内，沙眼是导致失明的主要感染性病因。调查数据一直表明，与沙眼相关的失明在女性中的发生率是男性的两到四倍。探究女性沙眼患病风险增加及其后果的原因表明，除生物学因素外，其他因素可能也有影响。要理解女童和妇女沙眼患病风险过高及其后果的原因，需要审视若干问题：女童和妇女在生物学上是否更易受到沙眼衣原体感染后果的影响？其他因素能否有助于解释女性结膜瘢痕和倒睫过多的现象？性别角色是否会影响沙眼患病风险及其后果？与男性相比，女性倒睫手术后复发的可能性是否更高？本文探讨这些问题的答案。
