Green Jeffrey, Paget Mark S
Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2004 Dec;2(12):954-66. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1022.
Redox reactions pervade living cells. They are central to both anabolic and catabolic metabolism. The ability to maintain redox balance is therefore vital to all organisms. Various regulatory sensors continually monitor the redox state of the internal and external environments and control the processes that work to maintain redox homeostasis. In response to redox imbalance, new metabolic pathways are initiated, the repair or bypassing of damaged cellular components is coordinated and systems that protect the cell from further damage are induced. Advances in biochemical analyses are revealing a range of elegant solutions that have evolved to allow bacteria to sense different redox signals.
氧化还原反应遍及活细胞。它们对于合成代谢和分解代谢都至关重要。因此，维持氧化还原平衡的能力对所有生物体都至关重要。各种调节传感器不断监测内部和外部环境的氧化还原状态，并控制维持氧化还原稳态的过程。为应对氧化还原失衡，会启动新的代谢途径，协调受损细胞成分的修复或旁路途径，并诱导保护细胞免受进一步损伤的系统。生化分析的进展揭示了一系列巧妙的解决方案，这些方案已经进化出来以使细菌能够感知不同的氧化还原信号。
