Taubert Andreas, Napoli Alessandro, Meier Wolfgang
Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2004 Dec;8(6):598-603. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2004.09.008.
Over the years, polymers have attracted a great deal of interest because they offer a unique platform for the development of materials in fields as diverse as biomedicine and packaging. Many of these purposes use polymers that had been developed for totally different applications. Recently, however, chemical tailoring and molecular and supramolecular control of the chemistry and, thus, the physical and biological response have become a key interest of many researchers. In particular, systems that operate in aqueous media have become an intensely researched field. This is mostly because many devices must be biocompatible, which implies that they have to function in aqueous solutions. Over the past few years, new approaches for mimicking cell surfaces, for generating biocompatible and bioactive drug delivery systems, and for directed targeting have been developed. One recent development is polymeric systems with an enhanced biofunctionality, such as amphiphilic block copolymers that can act as mimetics for biological membranes. Because there are virtually no limits to combinations of monomers, biological and synthetic building blocks, ligands, receptors, and other proteins, polymer hybrid materials show a great promise for applications in biomedicine and biotechnology.
多年来，聚合物吸引了大量关注，因为它们为生物医学和包装等诸多不同领域的材料开发提供了一个独特的平台。这些用途中有许多使用的是为完全不同的应用而开发的聚合物。然而，近来对聚合物化学进行化学剪裁以及分子和超分子控制，进而控制其物理和生物响应，已成为许多研究人员的关键兴趣所在。特别是，在水性介质中运行的体系已成为一个深入研究的领域。这主要是因为许多器件必须具有生物相容性，这意味着它们必须在水溶液中发挥作用。在过去几年中，已经开发出了用于模拟细胞表面、生成生物相容性和生物活性药物递送系统以及进行定向靶向的新方法。最近的一个进展是具有增强生物功能的聚合物体系，例如可充当生物膜模拟物的两亲性嵌段共聚物。由于单体、生物和合成结构单元、配体、受体及其他蛋白质的组合几乎没有限制，聚合物杂化材料在生物医学和生物技术应用中显示出巨大的前景。
