Al-Otaibi M, Al-Harthy M, Gustafsson A, Johansson A, Claesson R, Angmar-Månsson B
Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Institute of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
J Clin Periodontol. 2004 Dec;31(12):1048-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00618.x.
The chewing stick, the miswak, is used in many developing countries as the traditional means for oral hygiene. It is prepared from the roots, twigs and stem of Salvadora persica or other alternative local plants.
To compare the effects of the chewing stick miswak (from S. persica) and toothbrush on subgingival plaque microflora among Saudi Arabian individuals. Further, to investigate whether components extracted from S. persica may interfere with the subgingival plaque micro-organisms.
Fifteen healthy Saudi Arabian male volunteers aged 21-36 years were included in a single-blind, randomized cross-over study. The participants were taught how to use each device properly. Plaque sampling for DNA test was performed at the baseline, 1 week after professional tooth cleaning, and after 3 weeks of either miswak or toothbrush use. Identification and quantification of microbial species were performed by the checkerboard method, using whole genomic, digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes. Inhibition zones around miswak were examined on agar plates with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and the leukotoxicity of this bacterium was analyzed in a bioassay with macrophages+/-extracts of miswak.
Miswak and toothbrushing had a similar influence on the levels of the subgingival microbiota. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more reduced by miswak (p<0.05) than by toothbrushing. These results were supported by our in vitro results which, indicated that extracts from S. persica might interfere with the growth and leukotoxicity of A. actinomycetemcomitans.
In contrast to toothbrush use, miswak use significantly reduced the amount of A. actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival plaque.
咀嚼棒，即阿拉伯牙刷，在许多发展中国家被用作传统的口腔卫生用品。它由佩里希刺树的根、树枝和树干或其他当地替代植物制成。
比较阿拉伯牙刷（佩里希刺树制成）和牙刷对沙特阿拉伯人龈下菌斑微生物群的影响。此外，研究从佩里希刺树中提取的成分是否会干扰龈下菌斑微生物。
15名年龄在21 - 36岁的健康沙特阿拉伯男性志愿者参与了一项单盲、随机交叉研究。参与者被教导如何正确使用每种器械。在基线、专业洗牙后1周以及使用阿拉伯牙刷或牙刷3周后进行菌斑采样用于DNA检测。使用全基因组、地高辛标记的DNA探针，通过棋盘法对微生物种类进行鉴定和定量。在含有伴放线放线杆菌的琼脂平板上检查阿拉伯牙刷周围的抑菌圈，并在巨噬细胞生物测定中分析该细菌的白细胞毒性（±阿拉伯牙刷提取物）。
阿拉伯牙刷和刷牙对龈下微生物群水平有相似影响。然而，与刷牙相比，阿拉伯牙刷能更显著地减少伴放线放线杆菌（p<0.05）。我们的体外结果支持了这些结果，表明佩里希刺树提取物可能会干扰伴放线放线杆菌的生长和白细胞毒性。
与使用牙刷相比，使用阿拉伯牙刷能显著减少龈下菌斑中伴放线放线杆菌的数量。
