Hale A D, Lewis D, Green J, Jiang X, Brown D W
Enteric and Respiratory Virus Laboratory, Central Public Health Laboratory, 61 Colindale Ave., London, NW9 5HT, UK.
Clin Diagn Virol. 1996 Feb;5(1):27-35. doi: 10.1016/0928-0197(95)00200-6.
The diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections caused by small round structured viruses (SRSV) has relied upon electron microscopy and antigen/antibody assays based on Norwalk virus. We investigated cases of gastroenteritis associated with SRSVs employing a new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using hyperimmune animal anti-sera against recombinant Mexico virus capsid protein (rMXV).
One hundred and thirty-five specimens from 86 episodes of gastroenteritis associated with SRSVs, collected in the UK between October 1993 and September 1994, were tested in the rMXV assay.
Forty-seven (35%) specimens from 35 of 86 (41%) episodes were positive in the rMXV ELISA and these could further be divided into high and low reactors. Sequencing of a 266-base region of the RNA polymerase gene revealed that strains highly reactive in the rMXV assay demonstrated a high degree of similarity to MXV (97-99% at the nucleotide level), whereas low-reactive strains consist of Mexico-like strains and a heterogeneous group of viruses exhibiting 70-75% similarity to MXV.
Our results indicate that the rMXV ELISA is predominantly a type specific assay, although some cross reactivity with other genogroup 2 SRSVs was observed. MXV was responsible for 26% of SRSV-associated gastrointestinal infections investigated in the UK during one year's surveillance.
小圆结构病毒（SRSV）引起的胃肠道感染的诊断依赖于电子显微镜检查以及基于诺如病毒的抗原/抗体检测。我们采用一种新的夹心酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），使用针对重组墨西哥病毒衣壳蛋白（rMXV）的超免疫动物抗血清，对与SRSV相关的胃肠炎病例进行了调查。
1993年10月至1994年9月在英国收集的86例与SRSV相关的胃肠炎病例的135份标本，采用rMXV检测法进行检测。
86例中的35例（41%）病例的47份标本（35%）在rMXV ELISA中呈阳性，这些标本可进一步分为高反应性和低反应性。对RNA聚合酶基因的一个266个碱基区域进行测序显示，在rMXV检测中高反应性的毒株与MXV具有高度相似性（核苷酸水平为97 - 99%），而低反应性毒株包括墨西哥样毒株和一组与MXV相似性为70 - 75%的异质病毒群。
我们的结果表明，rMXV ELISA主要是一种型特异性检测方法，尽管观察到与其他基因群2的SRSV存在一些交叉反应。在一年的监测期间，MXV在英国调查的与SRSV相关的胃肠道感染中占26%。
