Shimizu H, Suzuki Y, Hayashi K, Ando H
Department of Public Health, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1992 Feb;46(6):1088-94. doi: 10.1265/jjh.46.1088.
In spite of strict laws prohibiting it, criminal cases involving marijuana abuse are increasing, resulting in a serious social problem in Japan. The most common method of ingestion is smoking, since abusers feel that this method produces quick psychological effects controversial. Marijuana is known to induce psychological addiction, but it's genotoxic effects are still argued. Marijuana smoking tar has been extracted from seized pipes. The amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the tar were weighed and the mutagenic activity was tested. The results are as follows: 1) Five of the seven PAHs were detected in marijuana tar, although benzo(e)pyrene and perylene were not. 2) There was more pyrene than any other substance detected in the tar, with fluoranthene having the next highest concentration. 3) Mutagenic activity was observed in all samples, with relative mutagenic potency ranging from 0.03 to 1.59. 4) The type of smoking pipe and burning temperature may affect the mutagenic activity and the amount of PAH. 5) Since marijuana smoking tar contains carcinogens, promoters, and mutagens, there is a risk of developing cancer just as in the case of tobacco.
尽管有严格法律禁止，但涉及大麻滥用的刑事案件仍在增加，这在日本引发了严重的社会问题。最常见的吸食方式是吸烟，因为滥用者认为这种方式能迅速产生心理效应，不过这存在争议。已知大麻会导致心理成瘾，但其遗传毒性作用仍存在争议。已从查获的烟斗中提取了大麻烟焦油。对该焦油中多环芳烃（PAH）的含量进行了称重，并测试了其致突变活性。结果如下：1）在大麻焦油中检测到了七种PAH中的五种，不过未检测到苯并（e）芘和苝。2）焦油中检测到的芘含量高于其他任何物质，荧蒽的浓度次之。3）在所有样本中均观察到了致突变活性，相对致突变效力在0.03至1.59之间。4）烟斗类型和燃烧温度可能会影响致突变活性和PAH的含量。5）由于大麻烟焦油含有致癌物、促癌物和诱变剂，因此与烟草一样存在患癌风险。
