Demartines N, Castelli I, Scheidegger D, Harder F
Departement Chirurgie und Anästhesie der Universität, Kantonsspital Basel.
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1992 Mar 24;81(13):405-10.
1927 medical helicopter transports were performed in Basle between 1986 and 1989. Of the total flights, 173 transports without patients and 186 incubator transports were excluded from the study. Treatment and transportation were provided for 1085 victims of trauma (70.2%) and 461 medical-surgical patients (29.8%), mostly with life-threatening conditions. 589 trauma patients were treated at the scene of accident and later transported by helicopter to a nearby medical center (54.3%). The 4.3% rate of negative emergency flights is low. Since introduction of the helicopter rescue system at Basle in 1975, scene flights have increased from 29% in 1984 to 46% in 1989. 47.4% of all patients were categorized as seriously ill or severely injured. 36.4% of all patients required intubation and assisted ventilation. Of the trauma patients, 54.3% involved scene-flights requiring in-field intensive therapy. Helicopter transport provides not only a rapid source of transportation, but also vital medical assistance at the scene of emergency. Transport generally occurs only after stabilization of vital functions. These factors contribute to the low mortality before return flights (3%) as well as during transport (0.3%). We conclude that early aggressive in-field intensive therapy can help to decrease both morbidity and mortality in emergency-care patients.
1986年至1989年期间，巴塞尔共进行了1927次医疗直升机转运。在所有飞行任务中，173次空载转运和186次 incubator 转运被排除在研究之外。对1085名创伤患者（70.2%）和461名内科 - 外科患者（29.8%）进行了治疗和转运，这些患者大多处于危及生命的状况。589名创伤患者在事故现场接受治疗，随后由直升机转运至附近的医疗中心（54.3%）。4.3%的空救飞行率较低。自1975年巴塞尔引入直升机救援系统以来，现场飞行任务的比例已从1984年的29%增至1989年的46%。所有患者中有47.4%被归类为重病或重伤。36.4%的患者需要插管和辅助通气。在创伤患者中，54.3%涉及需要现场强化治疗的现场飞行任务。直升机转运不仅提供了快速的运输方式，还在紧急现场提供了至关重要的医疗援助。通常只有在生命体征稳定后才进行转运。这些因素导致返程前死亡率较低（3%）以及转运期间死亡率较低（0.3%）。我们得出结论，早期积极的现场强化治疗有助于降低急诊患者的发病率和死亡率。
