Allen Naomi E, Sauvaget Catherine, Roddam Andrew W, Appleby Paul, Nagano Jun, Suzuki Gen, Key Timothy J, Koyama Kojiro
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Building, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, OX2 6HE, UK.
Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Nov;15(9):911-20. doi: 10.1007/s10552-004-1683-y.
It has been hypothesized that some aspect of a traditional 'Asian' diet, that is low in animal products and high in soya, may be associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intake and prostate cancer risk among 18,115 men in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, using prospective data from the Life Span Study.
Subjects completed a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline (1963, 1965 and/or 1979) and were followed for incident prostate cancer until the end of 1996. During this time, 196 incident prostate cancer cases were identified after 252,602 person-years of observation. Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rates for each dietary factor after adjustment for age, calendar period, city of residence, radiation dose and education level.
Fish intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer; men who consumed fish more than four times per week had a 54 increased risk of developing prostate cancer compared with men who ate fish less than twice per week (RR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.03-2.31). No other food items, including soya products, were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk.
These data suggest that dietary factors may not be strong determinants of prostate cancer in these Japanese men, although the increased risk associated with a high consumption of fish warrants further study.
据推测，传统“亚洲”饮食中动物产品含量低、大豆含量高的某些方面，可能与前列腺癌风险降低有关。本研究旨在利用寿命研究的前瞻性数据，调查日本广岛和长崎18115名男性的饮食摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间的关联。
研究对象在基线时（1963年、1965年和/或1979年）完成了一份食物频率问卷，并随访其前列腺癌发病情况直至1996年底。在此期间，经过252602人年的观察，共确诊196例前列腺癌病例。采用泊松回归分析，在对年龄、日历时间、居住城市、辐射剂量和教育水平进行调整后，计算各饮食因素的发病率。
鱼类摄入量与前列腺癌风险显著增加有关；每周吃鱼超过4次的男性患前列腺癌的风险比每周吃鱼少于2次的男性高54%（风险比=1.54；95%可信区间，1.03 - 2.31）。包括大豆制品在内的其他食物项目，均与前列腺癌风险无显著关联。
这些数据表明，饮食因素可能并非这些日本男性前列腺癌的主要决定因素，尽管高鱼类摄入量相关的风险增加值得进一步研究。
