Ndembi Nicaise, Takehisa Jun, Zekeng Leopold, Kobayashi Eiji, Ngansop Charlotte, Songok Elijah M, Kageyama Seiji, Takemura Taichiro, Ido Eiji, Hayami Masanori, Kaptue Lazare, Ichimura Hiroshi
Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Dec 15;37(5):1641-50. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200412150-00019.
To monitor the presence of genotypic HIV-1 variants circulating in eastern Cameroon, blood samples from 57 HIV-1-infected individuals attending 3 local health centers in the bordering rural villages with Central African Republic (CAR) were collected and analyzed phylogenetically. Out of the 40 HIV-1 strains with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) profile for both gag and env-C2V3,12 (30.0%) had discordant subtype or CRF designation: 2 subtype B/A (gag/env), 1 B/CRF01, 2 B/CRF02, 1 CRF01/CRF01.A, 2 CRF11/CRF01, 1 CRF13/A, 1 CRF13/CRF01, 1 CRF13/CRF11, and 1 G/U (unclassified). Twenty-eight strains (70.0%) had concordant subtypes or CRF designation between gag and env: 27 subtype A and 1 F2. Out of the remaining 17HIV-1 strains negative for PCR with the env-C2V3 primers used, 10 (58.8%) had discordant subtype or CRF, and 7 (41.2%) had concordant one based on gag/pol/env-gp41 analysis. Altogether, a high proportion (22/57, 38.6%) of the isolates were found to be recombinant strains. In addition, an emergence of new forms of HIV-1 strains, such as subtype B/A (gag/env), B/CRF01 and B/CRF02, was identified. The epidemiologic pattern of HIV-1 in eastern Cameroon, relatively low and high prevalence of CRF02 and CRF11, respectively, was more closely related to those of CAR and Chad than that of other regions of Cameroon, where CRF02 is the most predominant HIV-1 strain. These findings strongly suggest that this part of Cameroon is a potential hotspot of HIV-1 recombination, with a likelihood of an active generation of new forms of HIV-1 variants, though epidemiologic significance of new HIV-1 forms is unknown.
为监测喀麦隆东部流行的基因型HIV-1变异株的存在情况，收集了来自与中非共和国（CAR）接壤的农村地区3个当地卫生中心的57名HIV-1感染者的血样，并进行了系统发育分析。在40株 gag 和 env-C2V3聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测均呈阳性的HIV-1毒株中，12株（30.0%）具有不一致的亚型或CRF分类：2株B/A亚型（gag/env）、1株B/CRF01、2株B/CRF02、1株CRF01/CRF01.A、2株CRF11/CRF01、1株CRF13/A、1株CRF13/CRF01、1株CRF13/CRF11和1株G/U（未分类）。28株（70.0%）在gag和env之间具有一致的亚型或CRF分类：27株为A亚型，1株为F2亚型。在其余17株使用env-C2V3引物PCR检测呈阴性的HIV-1毒株中，10株（58.8%）具有不一致的亚型或CRF分类，7株（41.2%）根据gag/pol/env-gp41分析具有一致的分类。总共发现高比例（22/57，38.6%）的分离株为重组毒株。此外，还发现了新形式的HIV-1毒株的出现，如B/A亚型（gag/env）、B/CRF01和B/CRF02。喀麦隆东部HIV-1的流行病学模式，即CRF02和CRF11的患病率分别相对较低和较高，与CAR和乍得的更为密切，而与喀麦隆其他地区不同，在喀麦隆其他地区CRF02是最主要的HIV-1毒株。这些发现强烈表明，喀麦隆的这一地区是HIV-1重组的潜在热点，有可能活跃地产生新形式的HIV-1变异株，尽管新HIV-1形式的流行病学意义尚不清楚。
