Bailo Marco, Soncini Maddalena, Vertua Elsa, Signoroni Patrizia Bonassi, Sanzone Silvia, Lombardi Guerino, Arienti Davide, Calamani Francesca, Zatti Daniela, Paul Petra, Albertini Alberto, Zorzi Fausto, Cavagnini Angelo, Candotti Fabio, Wengler Georg S, Parolini Ornella
Centro Ricerche Parco Scientifico E. Menni, Ospedale Poliambulanza, Via Romiglia, 4, I-25124 Brescia, Italy.
Transplantation. 2004 Nov 27;78(10):1439-48. doi: 10.1097/01.tp.0000144606.84234.49.
Fetal membranes are tissues of particular interest for several reasons, including their role in preventing rejection of the fetus and their early embryologic origin. which may entail progenitor potential. The immunologic reactivity and the transplantation potential of amnion and chorion cells, however, remain to be elucidated.
Amnion and chorion cells were isolated from human term placenta and characterized by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric analysis, and expression profile of relevant genes. The immunomodulatory characteristics of these cells were studied in allogeneic and xenogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions and their engraftment potential analyzed by transplantation into neonatal swine and rats. Posttransplant chimerism was determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis with probes specific for human DNA.
Phenotypic and gene expression studies indicated mesenchymal stem cell-like profiles in both amnion and chorion cells that were positive for neuronal, pulmonary, adhesion, and migration markers. In addition, cells isolated both from amnion and chorion did not induce allogeneic nor xenogeneic lymphocyte proliferation responses and were able to actively suppress lymphocyte responsiveness. Transplantation in neonatal swine and rats resulted in human microchimerism in various organs and tissues.
Human amnion and chorion cells from term placenta can successfully engraft neonatal swine and rats. These results may be explained by the peculiar immunologic characteristics and mesenchymal stem cell-like phenotype of these cells. These findings suggest that amnion and chorion cells may represent an advantageous source of progenitor cells with potential applications in a variety of cell therapy and transplantation procedures.
胎膜因其多种原因而备受关注，包括其在防止胎儿被排斥方面的作用以及早期胚胎起源，这可能意味着其具有祖细胞潜能。然而，羊膜和绒毛膜细胞的免疫反应性和移植潜能仍有待阐明。
从足月人胎盘中分离羊膜和绒毛膜细胞，并通过免疫组织化学、流式细胞术分析及相关基因的表达谱进行表征。在同种异体和异种混合淋巴细胞反应中研究这些细胞的免疫调节特性，并通过移植到新生猪和大鼠体内分析其植入潜能。移植后嵌合体通过使用针对人类DNA的特异性探针进行聚合酶链反应分析来确定。
表型和基因表达研究表明，羊膜和绒毛膜细胞均呈现间充质干细胞样特征，对神经元、肺、黏附及迁移标志物呈阳性反应。此外，从羊膜和绒毛膜分离出的细胞均未诱导同种异体或异种淋巴细胞增殖反应，且能够积极抑制淋巴细胞反应性。移植到新生猪和大鼠体内导致在各种器官和组织中出现人类微嵌合体。
足月胎盘来源的人羊膜和绒毛膜细胞能够成功植入新生猪和大鼠体内。这些结果可能由这些细胞独特的免疫特性和间充质干细胞样表型来解释。这些发现表明，羊膜和绒毛膜细胞可能代表一种有利的祖细胞来源，在各种细胞治疗和移植程序中具有潜在应用价值。
