Witte W, Braulke C, Cuny C, Strommenger B, Werner G, Heuck D, Jappe U, Wendt C, Linde H-J, Harmsen D
Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Burgstrasse 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005 Jan;24(1):1-5. doi: 10.1007/s10096-004-1262-x.
The aim of the present study was to investigate strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) for the presence of the lukS-lukF determinant of Panton-Valentine leukocidin and to further characterize strains found to contain the genes. During the past 2 years, MRSA containing the lukS-lukF genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin, particularly those emerging outside of hospitals, have become of interest. MRSA strains sent to the national reference center in Germany were investigated for lukS-lukF by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). If the presence of lukS-lukF was demonstrated, strains were further characterized by molecular typing (determination of SmaI pattern, spa sequence, and multilocus sequence type), PCR demonstration of resistance genes, and characterization of the SCCmec element. Since the end of 2002, MRSA containing Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes have been demonstrated as the causative agent of 28 cases of infection (9 community-acquired cases, 19 sporadic nosocomial cases) in different areas of Germany. Twenty-seven of these 28 isolates exhibited a unique pattern of genomic typing: all exhibited multilocus sequence type 80, spa sequence type 44, and a SmaI macrorestriction pattern that corresponds to a community-acquired strain of MRSA from France and Switzerland. In addition to resistance to oxacillin, the strains exhibited resistance to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline (tetM), and fusidic acid, the last of which is encoded by the far-1 gene. The far-1 gene was shown to be located on the plasmid. One isolate corresponded to community MRSA (cMRSA) of multilocus sequence type 1 from the USA.
本研究的目的是调查耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）菌株是否存在杀白细胞素的lukS-lukF决定簇，并进一步对发现含有这些基因的菌株进行特征分析。在过去两年中，含有杀白细胞素lukS-lukF基因的MRSA，尤其是那些在医院外出现的菌株，已引起关注。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）对送往德国国家参考中心的MRSA菌株进行lukS-lukF检测。如果证实存在lukS-lukF，则通过分子分型（确定SmaI酶切图谱、spa序列和多位点序列类型）、PCR检测耐药基因以及SCCmec元件特征分析对菌株进行进一步特征分析。自2002年底以来，含有杀白细胞素基因的MRSA已被证实是德国不同地区28例感染病例（9例社区获得性病例，19例散发性医院感染病例）的病原体。这28株分离株中有27株表现出独特的基因组分型模式：所有菌株均表现为多位点序列类型80、spa序列类型44以及与来自法国和瑞士的社区获得性MRSA菌株相对应的SmaI酶切图谱。除了对苯唑西林耐药外，这些菌株还对环丙沙星、四环素（tetM）和夫西地酸耐药，后者由far-1基因编码。far-1基因位于质粒上。有一株分离株对应于来自美国的多位点序列类型1的社区MRSA（cMRSA）。
