Weizman Zvi, Asli Ghaleb, Alsheikh Ahmed
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Pediatrics. 2005 Jan;115(1):5-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-1815.
To investigate the effect of 2 different species of probiotics in preventing infections in infants attending child care centers.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted from December 1, 2000, to September 30, 2002, at 14 child care centers in the Beer-Sheva area of Israel in healthy term infants 4 to 10 months old. Infants were assigned randomly to formula supplemented with Bifidobacterium lactis (BB-12), Lactobacillus reuteri (American Type Culture Collection 55730), or no probiotics. Duration of feeding, including follow-up, for each participant was 12 weeks. All infants were fed only the assigned formula and were not breastfed due to parental decision before recruitment to the study. Probiotic or prebiotic food products or supplements were not allowed. Main outcome measures were number of days and number of episodes with fever (>38 degrees C) and number of days and number of episodes with diarrhea or respiratory illness.
Participants (n = 201) were similar regarding gestational age, birth weight, gender, and previous breastfeeding. The controls (n = 60), compared with those fed B lactis (n = 73) or L reuteri (n = 68), had significantly more febrile episodes (mean [95% confidence interval]: 0.41 [0.28-0.54] vs 0.27 [0.17-0.37] vs 0.11 [0.04-0.18], respectively). The controls also had more diarrhea episodes (0.31 [0.22-0.40] vs 0.13 [0.05-0.21] vs 0.02 [0.01-0.05], respectively) and episodes of longer duration (0.59 [0.34-0.84] vs 0.37 [0.08-0.66] vs 0.15 [0.12-0.18] days, respectively). The L reuteri group, compared with BB-12 or controls, had a significant decrease of number of days with fever, clinic visits, child care absences, and antibiotic prescriptions. Rate and duration of respiratory illnesses did not differ significantly between groups.
Child care infants fed a formula supplemented with L reuteri or B lactis had fewer and shorter episodes of diarrhea, with no effect on respiratory illnesses. These effects were more prominent with L reuteri, which was also the only supplement to improve additional morbidity parameters.
研究两种不同种类的益生菌对预防日托中心婴幼儿感染的效果。
2000年12月1日至2002年9月30日，在以色列贝尔谢巴地区的14所日托中心，对14名4至10个月大的健康足月儿进行了一项双盲、安慰剂对照、随机试验。婴儿被随机分配到添加乳酸双歧杆菌（BB - 12）、罗伊氏乳杆菌（美国典型培养物保藏中心55730）的配方奶组或无益生菌组。每位参与者的喂养持续时间（包括随访）为12周。所有婴儿仅喂养分配的配方奶，由于在招募入研究前家长的决定，均未进行母乳喂养。不允许使用益生菌或益生元食品或补充剂。主要观察指标为发热（>38摄氏度）的天数和发作次数，以及腹泻或呼吸道疾病的天数和发作次数。
参与者（n = 201）在胎龄、出生体重、性别和既往母乳喂养情况方面相似。与喂食乳酸双歧杆菌组（n = 73）或罗伊氏乳杆菌组（n = 68）相比，对照组（n = 60）的发热发作次数显著更多（平均值[95%置信区间]：分别为0.41[0.
28 - 0.54]、0.27[0.17 - 0.37]、0.11[0.04 - 0.18]）。对照组的腹泻发作次数也更多（分别为0.31[0.22 - 0.40]、0.13[0.05 - 0.21]、0.02[0.01 - 0.05]），且发作持续时间更长（分别为0.59[0.34 - 0.84]、0.37[0.08 - 0.66]、0.15[0.12 - 0.18]天）。与BB - 12组或对照组相比，罗伊氏乳杆菌组发热天数、门诊就诊次数、日托缺勤天数和抗生素处方数量显著减少。各组间呼吸道疾病的发生率和持续时间无显著差异。
喂食添加罗伊氏乳杆菌或乳酸双歧杆菌配方奶的日托婴幼儿腹泻发作次数更少且持续时间更短，对呼吸道疾病无影响。这些效果在罗伊氏乳杆菌组更显著，罗伊氏乳杆菌也是唯一能改善其他发病参数的补充剂。
