Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 25;19(10):e0312318. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312318. eCollection 2024.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae represents one of the significant etiologies of community-acquired pneumonia in pediatric patients. However, clinical treatment of M. pneumoniae infection in children has encountered challenges due to the escalating resistance to quinolones. Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of probiotic lactobacillus administration in boosting immune responses to bacterial and viral respiratory infections. In this study, the protective efficacy of pre-oral administration of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Limosilactobacillus reuteri F275, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCIMB 8826, L. plantarum S1 or L. plantarum S2 was evaluated in the BALB/c mice model; it was observed that among these five strains of lactobacillus, the supplementation of LGG exhibited the most significant protective effect against M. pneumoniae infection. Moreover, when administered orally, both live LGG and heat-inactivated LGG have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the burden of M. pneumoniae in the lungs and alleviating pulmonary inflammation. Oral supplementation with LGG resulted in the inhibition of neutrophil recruitment into the lungs and increased recruitment of alveolar macrophages in M. pneumoniae-infected mice. Additionally, LGG supplementation led to increased production of IL-10 and secretory IgA (sIgA), while suppressing the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF-α in the lungs of mice infected with M. pneumoniae. The data suggests that supplementation with LGG can modulate immune responses, decrease pathogen load, and alleviate inflammatory injury in the lungs of M. pneumoniae-infected mice.
肺炎支原体是导致儿童社区获得性肺炎的重要病因之一。然而，由于喹诺酮类药物耐药性的不断上升，儿童肺炎支原体感染的临床治疗面临挑战。大量研究表明，益生菌乳杆菌的应用可能增强对细菌和病毒呼吸道感染的免疫反应。在这项研究中，评估了鼠李糖乳杆菌 GG（LGG）、雷特氏乳杆菌 F275、植物乳杆菌 NCIMB 8826、植物乳杆菌 S1 或植物乳杆菌 S2 预先口服给药在 BALB/c 小鼠模型中的保护效果；结果表明，在这 5 株乳杆菌中，LGG 的补充对肺炎支原体感染的保护效果最为显著。此外，无论是活菌还是热灭活的 LGG 经口服给予，都能有效减轻肺炎支原体在肺部的负荷并缓解肺部炎症。LGG 口服补充可抑制中性粒细胞向肺部募集，并增加肺炎支原体感染小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的募集。此外，LGG 补充可增加 IL-10 和分泌型 IgA（sIgA）的产生，同时抑制肺炎支原体感染小鼠肺部的 IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17A 和 TNF-α 的水平。数据表明，LGG 补充可调节免疫反应、降低病原体负荷，并减轻肺炎支原体感染小鼠肺部的炎症损伤。
